_Alexander_ (29). _Black Cape_ (29). _Cape_ (29). _Captraube_ (29). _Champania_ (29). _Cherokee?_ (11). _Christie's Improved Isabella_ (15, 21, 29). _Conckling's Wilding_ (11). _Constantia_ (29). DORCHESTER (1). _Framboisier_ (29). _Garber's Red-Fox_ (29). _Gibb's grape_ (4, 11, 18). _Hanover_ (_southern_) (11). _Hensell's Long Island_ (11). _Isabella_ (1). _Isabelle d'Amerique_ (29). _Lespeyre_ (2, 10, 11, 18). _New Hanover_ (11). _Paign's Isabella_ (15, 21, 29). _Payne's Early_ (11, 15, 21, 29). _Raisin de Cassis_ (29). _Raisin du Cap_ (29). _Raisin Fraise_ (29). _Raisin Framboise_ (29). _Sainte-Helene_ (29). _Saluda_ (11). _Sanbornton?_ (15, 21, 29). _Schuylkill?_ (29). _Uva Fragola_ (29). _Vernet_ (6, 11, 18). _Woodward_ (15, 21, 29). Isabella is now of little more than historical interest yet for a half century after its introduction, about 1816, it and Catawba were the mainstays of American viticulture. In the early days of grape-growing in this country Isabella was the grape of the North Atlantic and New England States while the vineyards of the South were planted with Catawba, the latter requiring too long a season and being too susceptible to fungal diseases for a northern grape. Isabella has been almost wholly replaced in the North by Concord, because the latter is earlier, hardier and more productive, and the older variety can now hardly be found except in the collections of experimenters and amateurs. In appearance Isabella is quite as attractive as any of the black grapes, having large, well-formed clusters and a deep black color with thick bloom. The flavor is good but the thick skin and muskiness in taste are objectionable. The fruit keeps and ships well and seldom rattles or cracks but the variety is surpassed in vine characters by many other standard kinds, notably Concord, which, as stated above, has taken its place. The lustrous green, ample foliage which remains late in the season, and the vigor of Isabella, make it an attractive ornamental, well adapted for growing on arbors, porches and trellises. Individual vines of this variety growing in New York, the Middle States, and New England, realize more than any other grape that ideal of peace and plenty for which the grape has been the symbol since the vines of Judah and of Israel. While it is of small commercial importance, Isabella is still worthy a place in the garden and as an ornamental.