The Grateful Dead: The History of a Folk StoryGerould, Gordon Hall
General
The Grateful Dead: The History of a Folk Story
Gerould, Gordon Hall
Dead -- Folklore; Folk literature -- Themes, motives; Grateful dead (Tale)
The correspondence of names and details makes it clear that the source
of this play is Lope de Vega, though the plot has been modified in
several features. In the process of adaptation all trace of The Two
Friends has dropped out, a fact which would make the position of the
variant difficult to ascertain, had the authors not left most of the
characters their original names. The change in the position of the
rescue of the hero from prison, indeed, gives a specious resemblance
to the normal type The Grateful Dead + The Ransomed Woman, which is
quite unjustified by the real state of the case.
All the other variants in which there is question of dividing a child,
save one, [132] are folk-tales; and all of them save three [133]
clearly belong in the category now under discussion. If they did not
group themselves in this way, I should be unwilling even to consider
the possibility of any general influence from The Two Friends upon
these tales, since the only trait borrowed by any of them is precisely
the division. Only in Oliver and Lope de Vega is this sacrifice
made for the healing of a friend; and we have seen in the case of
Transylvanian, Gaelic, and Breton III. how naturally the division of
the child grows out of the division of the wife. As the matter stands,
however, the case for the influence of The Two Friends is sufficiently
strong to warrant the grouping of these tales together. The general
relationship of the theme may be deferred to a later chapter. [134]
Lithuanian II. [135] is a characteristic specimen of the class of
tales just referred to. A prince, while travelling, sees a corpse
gnawed by swine in a street. He pays the man's creditors for his
release and has the body buried. Later, on the same journey, he
buys two maidens, one of whom is a king's daughter, and takes them
home. After a year he goes on a second journey with the princess's
picture for a figure-head on his ship, and a ring, which she has
given him. The picture is recognized by the maiden's father, and
the prince is sent back in the company of certain nobles to fetch
her. While they are returning to her home with the princess, one of
the nobles pushes the prince overboard. He lives on an island for two
years, until a man comes to him and promises to bring him to court
before the princess marries the traitor, on condition of receiving
his first-born son. The agreement is made, and the prince wins his
bride. After a son has been born to them, the man appears and demands
the child. He is put off for fifteen years, and at the end of that
time explains that he is the ghost of the rescued dead man.
All the traits of the compound type, as it has already been analyzed,
are here apparent, save that the sacrifice of the child is substituted
for that of the wife. The variant does not demand any further comment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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