The Great Civil War in Lancashire (1642-1651)Broxap, Ernest
History
The Great Civil War in Lancashire (1642-1651)
Broxap, Ernest
Great Britain -- History -- Civil War, 1642-1649; Lancashire (England) -- History
"Things were now woefully altered from the worst from what I had
formerly known them. My sister was married to a noted royalist, and
going to live about two miles from Lathom which the Parliament
forces accounted their enemy's headquarters, they were sadly
plundered by those forces passing along the road wherein they
dwelt. The great trade that my father and two of my brothers had
long driven was quite dead; for who would either build or repair a
house when he could not sleep a night in it with quiet and safety?
My brother Henry, who was then about 24 years of age, knew not
where to hide his head; for my Lord of Derby's officers had taken
up a custom of summoning such as he and many older persons upon
pain of death to appear at general musters, and thence to force
them away with such weapons as they had if they were but pitchforks
to Bolton, the rear being brought up with troopers that had
commission to shoot such as lagged behind; so as the poor
countrymen seemed to be in a dilemma of death either by the
troopers if they went not on, or by the great and small shot out of
the town if they did."[180]
This is probably not an isolated but a typical case. If the families of
the gentry were divided among themselves, so also would be those of the
yeomen and the villagers. Royalists in Parliamentarian country, and
Parliamentarians in the royalist districts, would have an unhappy time.
The royalists in Manchester would no doubt be liable to plunder. The
estates of Parliamentarian partisans which lay in the west of the
county, as that of the Ashhursts' near Lathom, and of Rigby near
Preston, were fair game for the royalists, and became quite worthless to
their owners. In addition to local burdens there came, as the war
proceeded, pressure from headquarters. The royalists' estates were
sequestered, and for the Parliamentarians the Assessments became a
growing burden. As a local means of raising resources the most obvious
was the levying of contributions on estates, and this was the means
first resorted to. The Order authorising it in Lancashire was made by
the House of Lords on January 26th, 1642-3. Twelve of the leaders were
named assessors, any three of whom had power to assess the inhabitants
of the county at a sum not greater than that of one-twentieth of their
estate; resistance might be met by the sale of the objector's goods, and
if necessary by the use of force.[181] In the following August an Order
was for the first time passed for raising money for the payment of the
army by a weekly assessment on the whole country. The list is composed
of 52 counties and towns in England and 12 in Wales, Lancashire being
assessed at £500 weekly, Yorkshire at £1,060/10/- (York £62/10/- in
addition), and Cheshire at £175 (Chester £62 in addition). The weekly
sums were to be paid for two months "unless the King's army shall be
disbanded in the meantime."[182]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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