The Great Lakes: The Vessels That Plough Them: Their Owners, Their Sailors, and Their Cargoes, Together with a Brief History of Our Inland SeasCurwood, James Oliver
History
The Great Lakes: The Vessels That Plough Them: Their Owners, Their Sailors, and Their Cargoes, Together with a Brief History of Our Inland Seas
Curwood, James Oliver
Great Lakes (North America); Inland navigation -- United States; Shipping -- Great Lakes (North America)
Both the Americans and the British were now looking for a decisive
naval battle between Yeo and Chauncey upon Lake Ontario. The squadrons
were quite evenly matched with the advantage, if any, in favour of
the Americans. Both commanders watched for a favourable opportunity
to attack, but not until the 11th of August was a gun fired. After an
almost harmless long-distance cannonade between the fleets, the _Julia_
and _Growler_, two of Chauncey’s vessels, became separated from the
main squadron and were cut off and captured by Yeo. For a month, the
two fleets were chasing or evading each other, and it was not until
the 11th of September that they approached close enough for another
engagement, which was only slight. These “chase-and-run tactics”
continued until the 28th, when the squadrons came together again in
York Bay. In the action that followed, Yeo’s ships were badly damaged
and ran for protection into Burlington Bay. This victory, although not
resulting in the capture of the British fleet, completely established
Chauncey’s supremacy and for the remainder of the season Yeo remained
at Kingston.
For some months past, Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, acting under
Commodore Chauncey, had been devoting his energies to the creating
of a fleet on Lake Erie, and with such energy that on the memorable
morning of September 10th, when from the masthead of the _Lawrence_
at Put-in-Bay was seen the approaching squadron of Captain Robert
Barclay, he had under his command nine vessels carrying a total of
fifty-four guns and five hundred and thirty-two men. These vessels
were the _Lawrence_, _Niagara_, _Caledonia_, _Ariel_, _Scorpion_,
_Somers_, _Porcupine_, _Tigress_, and the _Trippe_. Barclay’s fleet was
composed of the _Detroit_, _Queen Charlotte_, _Lady Prevost_, _Hunter_,
_Chippeway_, and _Little Belt_, carrying a total of sixty-three guns
and four hundred and forty men. It is interesting to note, according
to Theodore Roosevelt’s _Naval War of 1812_, that notwithstanding
the superior number of their guns the British ships were capable of
throwing a broadside of only 459 pounds as against 936 pounds from the
American squadron, a fact which shows the overwhelming superiority of
Perry’s fleet and incidentally robs his victory of some of its glory.
In my examination of the many and various accounts of the naval
battle of Lake Erie, I have found that the most complete and authentic
report is that of Mr. Roosevelt, who goes with minute detail into the
preparation, comparative strength, and handling of the two squadrons,
and inasmuch as this battle of Erie is one of the most thrilling
episodes of our Inland Seas, I have secured the very kind permission of
Mr. Roosevelt to use a part of his description of the actual contest.
Soon after daylight, on September 10th, Perry got under way and
advanced toward the enemy in battle form.
[Illustration: A View of the Historic Battle-ground on Mackinac Island.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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