A list, continued through many chapters, is given of the various contingents composing the host, together with their arms and other details. To take it in detail would be wearisome, and is unnecessary. It amounts to an enumeration of all the races in Asia known to the Greeks. That most of them were represented in the motley crowd, is doubtless the case; but it is probable that the list is founded on information culled from Ionian geographers. ◆♠H. vii. 82.◆ Of the generals commanding the army, Mardonius is the only one who has been in the highest command before. The others are unknown to previous history. One of them, Smerdomenes, is a son of the Otanes who had commanded in the Hellespont some twenty-seven years before. ♠ “H. viii. 82.” replaced with “H. vii. 82.” The number of war-vessels amounted to 1207. If this number be correct (and there are no solid grounds for doubting it), the levy on this occasion had been just double the ordinary naval levy of 600 ships. The numbers of the contingent as reported by Herodotus are:— Phœnicians and Syrians 300 ships Egyptians 200 „ Cypriotes 150 „ Cilicians 100 „ Pamphylians 30 „ Lycians 50 „ Dorians of Asia 30 „ Carians 70 „ Ionians 100 „ Islanders 17 „ Æolians 60 „ Hellespontines 100 „ ---- 1207 ships. Reckoning at least 100 of the ships from Cyprus as having been contributed by Greeks, it will be seen that of the total of 1207, the Greeks contributed 407 vessels. Persians, Medes, and Sakæ served as marines on board the fleet. The Phœnician ships, especially those of the Sidonians, were the best sailers. ◆H. vii. 97.◆ Besides these first class vessels of the fleet, there were thirty- and fifty-oared ships and transports to the number of 3000. Artemisia, queen of Herodotus’ own native place, Halikarnassos, a lady for whom he had a great admiration, seems to have commanded the whole contingent of the Dorians of Asia. ◆H. vii. 101.◆ After reviewing the fleet off the Doriskan shore, Xerxes is reported to have held a conversation with Demaratos, the exiled King of Sparta, and to have heard some plain and unpalatable truths from him with regard to the nature of the resistance he must expect to meet with from the Greeks, and especially from the Spartans. It has its place in the plot of the great drama. The king did not go to his fate unwarned.