[102] Dlugoss, _Historia Polonica_, in Philippe, _ut sup._, p. 94. [103] _Kalendarium Zwetlense_, in _Mon. Germ._, ix, 692. [104] _Annales Matscenses_, _Ibid._, 829. [105] _Continuatio Novimontensis_, _Ibid._, 675. [106] _Chronicon Pragense_, ed. Loserth (in _Fontes rerum Austriacarum_, _Scriptores_, t. viii) p. 603. [107] Lechner, _ut sup._, p. 35. [108] _Ibid._, p. 38. [109] Boehmer, _Fontes rerum Germ._, iv, 434. [110] Hoeniger (R.), _Der schwarze Tod in Deutschland_ (Berlin, 1882), p. 26. [111] Philippe, _ut sup._, p. 124. [112] _Historia_, iii, 406. [113] Finn Jonsson, _Hist. eccl. Islandiæ_, ii, p. 198, says that most of the Bishops died, and that Ormus, Bishop of Holar, in Iceland, who happened then to be in Norway, _solus fere evasit_. It appears that the archbishopric of Nidaros, or Drontheim, at that time comprised seven sees. Changes appear in six of these at this time, including Drontheim and Bergen; and of Solomon, Bishop of Oslo, it is said that "he was the only Bishop who survived the plague" (Gams, _Series Episcoporum_, 336). The same account is given in the monastic chronicles of Iceland (_Ftateyjarbok_, iii, p. 562). [114] Henric Jacob Sirers, _Historisk Beskrifning om then Pesten_, p. 23. [115] Langebeck, _Scriptores rerum Danicarum_, vi, 564. I am indebted for much assistance in all that regards the plague in the north of Europe to Dr. Lindstrom, of the Riksmusei, Stockholm. He kindly examined for me the original MS. of the Franciscan Necrology at Wisby. [116] Langebeck, _ut sup._, i, 307, 395. [117] _Ibid._, vii, p. 2, _et seqq._ [118] Pezzana, _Storia di Parma_, i, 52. [119] Henricus de Hervordia, _Chronicon_ ed. Potthast, 274. [120] Lechner, _ut sup._, p. 73. [p071] CHAPTER V. THE PLAGUE REACHES ENGLAND. The plague first attacked England in the autumn of 1348. It has already been pointed out that Northern France was suffering under the scourge in the summer of that year, and that in August the pestilence had visited Normandy and was found at Calais, then in possession of the English. Probably, also, at this time, Jersey and Guernsey, with which England was in constant communication, were decimated by the disease. So greatly did these islands suffer that the King's taxes, usually raised upon the fishing industries, could not be levied. "By reason," writes the English King to John Mautravers, the Governor, "of the mortality among the people and fishing folk of these islands, which here as elsewhere has been so great, our rent for the fishing, which has been yearly paid us, cannot be now obtained without the impoverishing and excessive oppression of those fishermen still left."[121]