The Great White North: The story of polar exploration from the earliest times to the discovery of the poleWright, Helen S. (Helen Saunders)
History
The Great White North: The story of polar exploration from the earliest times to the discovery of the pole
Wright, Helen S. (Helen Saunders)
Arctic regions; North Pole
On June 26, 1854, Morton reached the bold headland of Cape Constitution,
where the surf dashed so furiously against the high, overhanging cliffs,
that further progress was impossible. Climbing from rock to rock, in the
hope of finding a pass, he stood at last at a height of three hundred
feet and looked out upon a great waste of waters, stretching as far as
the eye could reach into the unknown north. About him the flocks of
sea-swallows, kittiwakes, and brent-geese blended their discordant notes
with the thunderous roll of the sea. From Cape Constitution the coast of
Washington Land trended to the east, but far to the northwest, beyond the
open waters of the channel, a peak terminating a range of mountains was
seen towering at a height of from twenty-five hundred to three thousand
feet, and this remote landmark received the name of Mount Parry. On the
25th of June, Morton commenced his return and reached the brig on the
10th of July, “staggering by the side of the limping dogs, one of which
was riding as a passenger upon the sledge.”
Meanwhile, the brief summer was rapidly waning; there seemed no promise
of the ice breaking up, and the alarming prospect of passing a second
winter in the ice forced itself upon the gallant commander and his brave
and suffering crew.
“We have no coal for a second winter here,” he writes; “our stock of
fresh provisions is utterly exhausted; and our sick need change, as
essential to their recovery.”
An unsuccessful attempt was made to reach Sir Edward Belcher’s squadron
at Beechey Island.
“The season travels on,” writes Dr. Kane on August 15; “the young ice
grows thicker, and my messmates’ faces grow longer every day. I have
again to play buffoon to keep up the spirits of the party. A raven! The
snowbirds begin to fly to the south in groups; coming at night to our
brig to hover on the rigging. Winter is hurrying upon us. The poppies are
quite wilted.”
Two days later we find the entry:—
“In five days the spring tides come back: should we fail in passing
with them, I think our fortunes are fixed. The young ice bore a man
this morning: it had a bad look, this man-supporting August ice! The
temperature never falls below 28°; but it is cold o’ nights with no fire.”
“August 18, Friday,” he writes, “reduced our allowance of wood to six
pounds a meal. This, among eighteen mouths, is one-third of a pound of
fuel each. It allows us coffee twice a day, and soup once. Our fare
besides this is cold pork boiled in quantity and eaten as required. This
sort of thing works badly; but I must save coal for other emergencies. I
see ‘darkness ahead’!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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