Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
Turning now from the consideration of the materials to the finished
product, we find that Aeschines can attain a high level of style. His
denunciation of the sharp practices prevailing in the course of his day
is impressive; we know that he is speaking the truth, and he does not
make the mistake of exaggerating. The seriousness is relieved, but not
impaired, by the light thread of sarcasm which runs through the whole
fabric:
‘The hearing of such cases, as my father used to tell me, was
conducted in a way very different from ours. The judges were
much more severe with those who proposed illegal measures than
the prosecutor was, and they would often interrupt the clerk
and ask him to read over again the laws and the decree; and
the proposers of illegal measures were found guilty not if
they had ridden over all the laws, but if they had subverted
one single clause. The present procedure is ridiculous beyond
words; the clerk reads the illegal decree, and the judges, as
if they were listening to an incantation or something that did
not concern them, keep their minds fixed on something else. And
already, through the devices of Demosthenes, you are admitting
a disgraceful practice; you have allowed the course of justice
to be changed, for the prosecutor is on his defence, and the
defendant conducts his prosecution; and the judges sometimes
forget the matter of which they are called on to be arbiters,
and are compelled to vote on questions which they ought not
to be judging. The defendant, if he ever refers to the facts
at all, tells you, not that his proposal was legal, but that
somebody else has proposed similar measures before his time,
and has been acquitted.’[282]
The following passage has been many times pointed out, and justly,
as a fine example of the higher style of Aeschines’ rhetoric. Taken
apart from its context, and without any consideration of the truth of
the insinuations which it makes, it is a notable piece of ‘pathetic’
pleading. The Romans, with a fondness for epigrammatic contrast,
attributed to Aeschines more of sound and less of strength than to
Demosthenes. This is true if we regard their works as a whole; but in
isolated passages like this, Aeschines finds his level with the best of
Attic orators:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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