writings heretical, and ordered them to be destroyed. A complete collection of the medical writings of Arnold of Villanova, so far at least as they were then known to exist, was printed at Lyons, France, in 1586. It is said that many of the treatises which this author wrote have been lost. Of those which have come down to our time there are only three which call for any special comment--Arnold’s “_Breviarium_,” a compendium of the practice of medicine; his “_Commentary on the Regimen Salernitanum_,” the sales of which, according to Neuburger, reached an enormous figure; and a work which bears the title “_Parabolae medicationis secundum instinctum veritatis aeternae, quae dicuntur a medicis regulae generales curationis morborum_.” (Basel, 1560.) The latter treatise, which might with propriety be given the simple title of “General Rules regarding the Treatment of Diseases,” is dedicated (1300 A. D.) to Philippe le Bel, King of France. It contains a number of chapters on the principles of general pathology, and others on special pathology and therapeutics, with relation both to internal diseases and to those which particularly interest the surgeon. It also furnishes 345 aphorisms, many of which embody truths of the highest importance and reveal the author to have been a man of independent judgment, of wide experience, and of a philosophical type of mind. In the “_Parabolae_” and the “_Breviarium_,” says Neuburger, are to be found the most marked evidences of the knowledge and ability which this great physician possessed. He then adds:-- Arnold attached much importance to hygiene and the proper regulation of the diet as effective measures in preventing diseases, and he formulated an admirable set of rules for the ordering of one’s manner of living. In these he gives prominence to the value of baths, to the importance of taking a certain amount of physical exercise, and to the selection of the right kinds of food. He also describes in detail how wine may be utilized advantageously in cases of illness. As regards the choice of remedies to be employed he says that the physician should be guided by a very careful consideration of the patient’s age, temperament, habits of living, etc.; and, so long as there remains any doubt about the correctness of the diagnosis, he should employ only mild and indifferent remedies. The greatest care, he adds, should be exercised in the preparation of the drugs that are to be administered, and one should be very cautious about prescribing substances which have not been sufficiently tried.