Jewish philosophy -- Early works to 1800; Judaism -- Works to 1900; Philosophy, Medieval -- Early works to 1800
In the passage (Exod. xxiv. 10, lit., “And there was under his feet,
like the action of the whiteness of a sapphire stone”), Onkelos, as you
know, in his version, considers the word (raglav) “his feet” as a
figurative expression and a substitute for “throne”; the words “under
his feet” he therefore paraphrases, “And under the throne of his
glory.” Consider this well, and you will observe with wonder how
Onkelos keeps free from the idea of the corporeality of God, and from
everything that leads thereto, even in the remotest degree. For he does
not say, “and under His throne”; the direct relation of the throne to
God, implied in the literal sense of the phrase “His throne,” would
necessarily suggest the idea that God is supported by a material
object, and thus lead directly to the corporeality of God; he therefore
refers the throne to His glory, i.e., to the Shekhinah, which is a
light created for the purpose.
Similarly he paraphrases the words, “For my hand I lift up to the
throne of God” (Exod. xvii. 16), “An oath has been uttered by God,
whose Shekhinah is upon the throne of his glory.” This principle found
also expression in the popular phrase, “the Throne of the Glory.”
We have already gone too far away from the subject of this chapter, and
touched upon things which will be discussed in other chapters; we will
now return to our present theme. You are acquainted with the version of
Onkelos [of the passage quoted]. He contents himself with excluding
from his version all expressions of corporeality in reference to God,
and does not show us what they (the nobles of the children of Israel,
Exod. xxiv. 10) perceived, or what is meant by that figure. In all
similar instances Onkelos also abstains from entering into such
questions, and only endeavours to exclude every expression implying
corporeality; for the incorporeality of God is a demonstrative truth
and an indispensable element in our faith; he could decidedly state all
that was necessary in that respect. The interpretation of a simile is a
doubtful thing; it may possibly have that meaning, but it may also
refer to something else. It contains besides very profound matter, the
understanding of which is not a fundamental element in our faith, and
the comprehension of which is not easy for the common people. Onkelos,
therefore, did not enter at all into this subject.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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