Jewish philosophy -- Early works to 1800; Judaism -- Works to 1900; Philosophy, Medieval -- Early works to 1800
Therefore the rule, “the headings of the sections may be confided to
him,” is further restricted in the Talmud, in the following way: The
headings of the sections must only be handed down to an Ab-bet-din
(President of the Court), whose heart is full of care, i.e., in whom
wisdom is united with humility, meekness, and a great dread of sin. It
is further stated there: “The secrets of the Law can only be
communicated to a counsellor, scholar, and good orator.” These
qualities can only be acquired if the physical constitution of the
student favour their development. You certainly know that some persons,
though exceedingly able, are very weak in giving counsel, while others
are ready with proper counsel and good advice in social and political
matters. A person so endowed is called “counsellor” and may be unable
to comprehend purely abstract notions, even such as are similar to
common sense. He is unacquainted with them, and has no talent whatever
for them; we apply to him the words: “Wherefore is there a price in the
hand of a fool to get wisdom, seeing he hath no heart to it?” (Prov.
xvii. 16). Others are intelligent and naturally clear-sighted, able to
convey complicated ideas in concise and well chosen language,—such a
person is called “a good orator,” but he has not been engaged in the
pursuit of science, or has not acquired any knowledge of it. Those who
have actually acquired a knowledge of the sciences, are called “wise in
arts” (or “scholars”); the Hebrew term for “wise in arts”—ḥakam
ḥarashim—has been explained in the Talmud as implying, that when such a
man speaks, all become, as it were, speechless.
Now, consider how, in the writings of the Rabbis, the admission of a
person into discourses on metaphysics is made dependent on distinction
in social qualities, and study of philosophy, as well as on the
possession of clear-sightedness, intelligence, eloquence, and ability
to communicate things by slight allusions. If a person satisfies these
requirements, the secrets of the Law are confided to him. In the same
place we also read the following passage:—R. Jochanan said to R.
Elasar, “Come, I will teach you Maʻaseh Mercabah.” The reply was, “I am
not yet old,” or in other words, I have not yet become old, I still
perceive in myself the hot blood and the rashness of youth. You learn
from this that, in addition to the above-named good qualities, a
certain age is also required. How, then, could any person speak on
these metaphysical themes in the presence of ordinary people, of
children, and of women!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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