List of Illustrations Mount Calvary - Frontispiece Jerusalem - 10 Coliseum - 14 Fakir - 16 Damascus - 29 Interior of a Saracen Palace - 41 Eruption of Mount Vesuvius - 46 Constantinople - 49 Church of the Holy Sepulchre - 55 Ancient Vessels - 62 Dungeon of the Inquisition - 69 Christopher Columbus - 79 Ships of Columbus - 82 Landing of Columbus - 83 The Straits of Magellan - 90 The Rack - 93 Ancient Peruvian Residence - 108 Ancient Tower at Newport - 110 Mammoth - 115 Mummy - 119 Massacre of the Incas - 151 Landing of the Pilgrims - 132 Fox in Discussion - 142 Penn's Treaty with the Indians - 144 John Wesley - 153 First American Almanac - 159 Benjamin Franklin - 160 George Washington - 174 {208} Washington Crossing the Delaware - 177 Scene of Burgoyne's Surrender - 180 Meeting Place of Andre and Arnold - 181 Mount Vernon - 185 The Tomb of Washington - 186 Napoleon Bonaparte - 192 The City of Athens - 194 Scene in Switzerland - 195 An Ocean Steamer - 201 {209} INDEX. Abou-Beker 28 Adam Smith 71, 154 Alhazin 37 Andalusia 31, 40 America Discovered 84 American Antiquities 109-112 Africa, First Map of 89 Apostasy of Primitive Church 13 Arabia, Description of 20 Arabic Notation 36 Ayesha 28 Armada, Invincible 104, 105 Ancient American Races 114, 117 Acadia, Colonization of 126, 127 Almanac, First American 158, 159 Adams, Samuel 167 Antimony, Why so Called 73 Arnold's Treason 182 Andre, Major 181 American Revolution 173 Al Mamun Measures the Earth 37 Andalusia, Conquest of 31 Atmospheric Refraction 38 Arabian Astronomy 36 Arnold of Brescia 67, 68 Bacon, Roger 73 Bastile 188,189 Bozrah 22,28 Bagdad, University of 35 Boheim, Hans 94 Balboa Discovers Pacific Ocean 89 Bruno, Death of 104 {210} Barbarism of Europe 42 Boniface IX. 76 Byzantium 48, 50 Bible First Printed 78 Brewster 129, 130 " Library 134 Brindley, James 154 British India 155, 156 Burgoyne's Surrender 180 Bonaparte 180 Bible, Influence of 124