_Goa butter_ or _Kokum butter_ is a solid fat obtained from the seeds of _Garcinia indica_, which flourishes in India and the East Indies. Crossley and Le Sueur (_Journ. Soc. Chem. Industry_, 1898, p. 993) during an investigation of Indian oils obtained these results:-- _________________________________________ | | | | | Saponification | Acidity | Iodine No. | | Equivalent.[3] | Per Cent. | | |________________|___________|____________| | | | | | 300 | 7.1 | 34.2 | |________________|___________|____________| _Safflower oil_ is extracted from the seeds of the _Carthamus tinctorius_, which, although indigenous to India and the East Indies, is extensively cultivated in Southern Russia (Saratowa) and German East Africa. Its use has been suggested for soft-soap making. The following figures have been published:-- ____________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | Saponi | | | | |fication | Iodine | Observers. | References. | | Equiv- | No. | | | |alent.[4]| | | |_________|_________|________|_____________|_________________________________ | | | | | | Average | 295.5 | 141.29 | Crossley and| _J. S. C. Ind._, 1898, p. 992; | of | | | Le Sueur | _J. S. C. Ind._, 1900, p. 104. | Twelve | 287.1 | 141.6 | Shukoff |_Chem. Revue_, 1901, p. 250. | Samples | 289.2 | 130 | Tylaikow |_Chem. Revue_, 1902, p. 106. | | 293.7 | 142.2 | Fendler |_Chem. Zeitung_, 1904, p. 867. |_________|_________|________|_____________|_________________________________ _Maripa fat_ is obtained from the kernels of a palm tree flourishing in the West Indies, but, doubtless, the commercial fat is obtained from other trees of the same family. It resembles cocoa-nut oil and gives the following figures:-- ___________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | Saponi- | | Melting | | | fication | | Point | | | Equiv- | Iodine | of Fatty | | | alent.[5]| No. | Acids, | Observer. | Reference. | | | deg.C. | | |__________|________|___________|___________|_______________________________ | | | | | | 217 | 9.49 | 25 | Bassiere |_J. S. C. Ind._, 1903, p. 1137. |__________|________|___________|___________|_______________________________ _Niam fat_, obtained from the seeds of _Lophira alata_, which are found extensively in the Soudan. The fat, as prepared by natives, has been examined by Lewkowitsch, and more recently Edie has published the results of an analysis. The figures are as follows:--