The use of the _Chapeau_, or Cap of Estate, instead of a Crest-Coronet, to support a Crest upon a helm, I have already illustrated with Nos. 198 and 199, severally the Lion-Crests of the BLACK PRINCE and of his son RICHARD II. Like No. 199, No. 384 is from one of the unrivalled series of helms sculptured in Westminster Hall, with the Crest and Ostrich-feather Badge of King RICHARD II. In both of these examples the adjustment of the _Mantling_ is shown. Two famous Lion-Crests are those borne by the great families of HOWARD and PERCY, severally Dukes of Norfolk and Northumberland. The HOWARD lion, originally granted by RICHARD II. to THOMAS MOWBRAY, Earl Marshal, and now borne by the Duke of NORFOLK, is _a lion statant guardant, his tail extended or, and ducally gorged arg._: the PERCY lion is _statant, his tail extended or_: each lion stands upon a chapeau. The Lion-Crest of the BLACK PRINCE, being charged with the _silver Label_ (which he may be said to wear after the fashion of a collar), exemplifies the prevailing practice of _differencing Crests with marks of Cadency_. Crests admit every variety of Difference: and Mantlings also are frequently differenced with small charges, or with badges; as in the Garter-plate of Sir JOHN BEAUMONT, K.G., and in the Brass at Little Easton, Essex, to Sir HENRY BOURCHIER, K.G., Earl of ESSEX. [Illustration: No. 384.--Helm, Crest, Mantling, and Badge of Richard II., from Westminster Hall.] The _Crest-Wreath_ first appears about the middle of the fourteenth century. The earliest example to which I can refer is represented in the Brass to Sir HUGH HASTINGS, at Elsyng, in Norfolk, A.D. 1347. In this most remarkable engraven memorial, the finial of the principal canopy is surmounted by a helm with mantling, wreath, and the crest of HASTINGS--_a bull’s head sable_; No. 385. In the effigy of Sir R. DE PEMBRIDGE, K.G., already noticed, the date of which is 1375, the crest is united to the great helm that supports the head of the knight by a wreath formed of a band of four-leaved flowers. A little later, A.D. 1384, at Southacre, in Norfolk, the Brass of Sir JOHN HARSYCK has a Crest-Wreath formed of two rolls, probably of silk, twisted as in No. 386. In the second half of the next century, amongst many good examples of Crest-Wreaths I select as typical specimens those which appear in the Brasses to Sir WILLIAM VERNON, A.D. 1467, at Tong, in Shropshire, No. 386; and to Sir ROBERT HARCOURT, K.G., No. 387, at Staunton Harcourt, Oxfordshire. [Illustration: No. 385.--Crested Helm of Sir Hugh Hastings; A.D. 1347.] [Illustration: No. 386, 387, and 388.--Crest-Wreaths.]