The Harim and the Purdah: Studies of Oriental WomenCooper, Elizabeth
Religion
The Harim and the Purdah: Studies of Oriental Women
Cooper, Elizabeth
East Asia -- Social life and customs; Women -- East Asia
No man of an inferior caste is to touch his food or the dishes in which
they are served, or even to enter his cook-room.
No water or other liquid contaminated by the touch of a person of
inferior caste can be made use of—rivers, tanks, and other large sheets
of water being held incapable of defilement.
Articles of dry food, such as rice, wheat, etc., do not become impure by
passing through the hands of a person of inferior caste so long as they
remain dry, but cannot be taken if they become wet or greased.
Certain prohibited articles, such as cow’s flesh, pork, fowls, etc., are
not to be eaten.
The ocean and other boundaries of India must not be crossed.
These rules would not be so oppressive if there were only the four
original great castes into which society was first divided, but now each
class is divided into thousands of subdivisions, whose members may not
intermarry, nor eat together, nor even touch the food prepared by those
of another community. Mr. Sidney Low has very well expressed the
difficulties caused by this very intricate social ruling in his “Vision
of India”—
“To get a loose analogy, we might suppose that everybody who could claim
descent from one of the old Norman families in England formed one caste;
that members of the ‘learned professions,’ who had never soiled
themselves with commerce, were combined in a second; and that others
consisted exclusively of bankers or moneylenders, or of pork butchers,
costermongers, bricklayers, and so on _ad infinitum_.
“Add that a man born in the costermonger class would remain, or ought to
remain, a member of that connection to the end of his days, and that he
would bring up his sons to the same business; that a greengrocer ought
not to eat food in company with a poulterer, that a baker might not give
his daughter in marriage to a cheesemonger, and that neither could have
any matrimonial relations with a bootmaker; and, further, that none of
these persons could place himself in personal contact with a clergyman
or a solicitor—imagine all this, and you begin to acquire some faint
notion of the involved tangle in which the entire Hindu community has
managed to get itself enwound.”
Mr. Low quotes from the census report of Sir H. Risley further to
illustrate what the caste system means in the matrimonial sphere, that
sphere that especially touches the womanhood of India—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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