The heart of Africa, Vol. 1 (of 2)Schweinfurth, Georg August
Science
The heart of Africa, Vol. 1 (of 2)
Schweinfurth, Georg August
Africa, Central -- Description and travel; Schweinfurth, Georg August, 1836-1925 -- Travel -- Africa, Central
Many are the comparisons that might be made by way of analogy between
the numerous trees of this delightfully wooded district and those of
our own home. Some of the trees at first sight have a considerable
likeness to our common oaks: amongst these may be named both the
Terminalia and the butter-tree (_Bassia_ or _Buterospermum_). The
fruit of the latter consists of a globular oily kernel, which looks
something like a horse-chestnut, and which is as large as a good-sized
apricot, and is enveloped in a green rind. This envelope can be kept
till it is as enjoyable as a medlar, and is considered one of the
chief fruits of the country. From the kernels of this widely-known
tree an oil is expressed, which, under the name of “butter of Galam,”
is a recognised article of commerce in Gambia; it has an unpleasant
flavour, which makes it not at all a desirable adjunct to the table,
and so, for us, it has but an insignificant value; its most valuable
property is that, at a temperature of 68° Fahr., it becomes as solid
as tallow. The tree itself is very handsome, having a bark which is
regularly marked by polygonal rifts in its surface, and which permits
it to be likened to an oak.
[Sidenote: FRUCTIFEROUS TREES.]
A very common tree, which bears a somewhat striking resemblance to our
white beech, is the small-leaved Anogeissus. Nut-trees are here
replaced by Kigelia and Odina. Far spread as are trees of the
character of our oak, so too we may say are trees which have the look
of a horse-chestnut. Of this kind is the _Vitex Cienkowskii_, with
others of the species, of which the sweet olive-shaped fruit is
gathered as assiduously by the natives as by the wart-hogs, who relish
it exceedingly. Another favourite fruit is the produce of the
_Diospyros mespiliformis_. The plane-tree may here be said to be
represented, equally with respect to its bark, its foliage, and the
pattern of its leaves, by the splendid _Sterculia tomentosa_, which
has established itself pretty generally throughout Tropical Africa. In
the place of willows Africa offers the Anaphrenium; and over and over
again the traveller may fancy that he sees the graceful locust-tree.
The Parkia is another of those imposing trees which are met with; the
leaves of this are not unlike the Poinciana, which is known also as
the Poincillade or Flamboyer: its flowers are a fiery red with long
stamens, and hang in a tuft; when they die off they leave a whole
bundle of pods, a foot in length, in which the seeds are found covered
with a yellow dust. The Bongo, as indeed do the Peulhs of Footah
Dyalon in West Africa, mix this mealy dust with their flour, and seem
to enjoy it, but it needs an African palate to conquer the
repulsiveness of this preparation.
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