[332] He is said to have been kept in a cage at night. Cf. De Guignes, iii. pt. i. 257. Mīrkhwānd has been followed in this relation, and we have seen what he considered to be the cause of the hostilities between the Ghuz and Sanjar. From Ibn el-Athīr (_Tārīkh-i-Kāmil_, xi. 118, as quoted by Professor Shukovski, _Merv_, p. 29) it would appear that the cause of the conflict was Sanjar’s refusal to give up Merv to the Ghuz, on the plea that he could not be expected to abandon his royal residence. De Guignes (iii. pt. i. p. 257) introduces this anecdote after the capture of Sanjar. [333] Many say he died of an internal malady, A.H. 552 (1157). He was in his seventy-third year. [334] The modern Chārjūy. [335] Cf. De Guignes, iii. pt. ii. p. 258. [336] Cf. De Guignes, _loc. cit._ [337] He entered into a union with the Khān of the Kipchāk, named Ikrān, and married his daughter, who became the mother of the famous Sultan Mohammad Khwārazm Shāh; cf. _Tabakāt-i-Nāsiri_, Raverty’s translation, i. 240. This Khān of the Kipchāks is called, on p. 254 of the same work, _Kadr Khān_, a discrepancy which escaped the notice of Major Raverty, who, however, calls attention to three different Kadr Khāns in one chapter (see _op. cit._ p. 267, note). [338] Cf. _Habīb-us-Siyar_. [339] In this account of the reign of Tekish we have followed the _Habīb-us-Siyar_. There is, however, a great discrepancy in this part of the history, for in one place Khwāndamīr says that the hostilities lasted only ten years (A.H. 568–578), when they were brought to a close by a treaty between the two brothers, in which Tekish granted the rule of certain towns in Khorāsān to his brother. An account of Sultan Shāh Mahmūd may be found in the _Tabakāt-i-Nāsiri_, trans., i. 245–249. [340] There is a misprint in d’Ohsson, _op. cit._ i. 180, the date being given as 1149. He also waged war on the Assassins in `Irāk and Kūhistan, and took from them their strongest fort, Arslān Kushāy. [341] _Tārīkh-i-Jahān-Kushāy_, as quoted by Bretschneider, _op. cit._ i. 229, from d’Ohsson. [342] Cf. d’Ohsson, _op. cit._ i. 180; and _Tabakāt-i-Nāsiri_, trans., i. 253–260. [343] He had solicited the hand of a daughter of the Gūr-Khān, and, having been refused, had become his secret enemy. Howorth, _J.R.A.S._, New Series VIII. p. 282. [344] Cf. d’Ohsson (_op. cit._ i. 181), who does not quote his authority. [345] Thus according to d’Ohsson. But De Guignes gives a very different account of Mohammad’s first Eastern campaign, which he dates A.H. 604 (1209). He says that Bokhārā and Samarkand were delivered over to him by the friendly Turkish princes, that on entering the Kara-Khitāy territory he gained a splendid victory. Thus the first disastrous campaign is wholly ignored. De Guignes, _op. cit._ i. pt. ii. pp. 266, 267. [346] Cf. De Guignes, i. pt. ii. p. 267. d’Ohsson says as far as Uzkend, _op. cit._ p. 182.