4266 =Hesepti= (=Semti=).--Fifth king. Several passages in the Book of the Dead refer to him. King Senta of the IInd Dynasty owned a medical work which once belonged to Semti. _Monument._--His tomb has been discovered by Amélineau at Abydos. It contained among other things an ebony tablet representing the king dancing before Osiris. (Now in the British Museum.) 4233 =Merbapen.=--Sixth king. _Monument._--Tomb at Abydos, discovered by Amélineau. 4200 =Semen-Ptah= (=Semsu=).--Seventh king. Manetho says: “In his reign a terrible pestilence afflicted Egypt.” IIND DYNASTY, 4133-3900 B.C. 4133 =Neter-b’au.=--First king. Manetho says: “During his reign a chasm opened near Bubastis and many persons perished.” _Monument._--Tomb discovered by Amélineau in 1897 at Abydos. 4100 =Ka-ka-u.=--Second (?) king; establishes or expands the worship of Apis; also of Mnevis and the Mendesian goat. 4066 =Ba-en-neter.=--Third (?) king; establishes the right of female succession. IIIRD DYNASTY, 3900-3766 B.C. 3900 =Neb-ka.=--First or third king. According to Manetho a revolt of the Libyans in which they submitted “on account of an unexpected increase in the moon,” took place in this reign. 3866 =Zeser= (=T´er-sa=).--Second or fourth king. Builder of the Step Pyramid of Saqqarah. Dr. Budge says of this: “It is certainly the oldest of all the large buildings which have successfully resisted the action of wind and weather, and destruction by the hand of man.” _Monuments._--The Step Pyramid; the Great Sphinx of Gizeh. Rapid development of civilisation during the first three dynasties. IVTH DYNASTY, 3766-3566 B.C. 3766 =Sneferu.=--First king. He wars against the robber-like tribes of the desert. He is said, on a monument of the XIIth Dynasty, to have founded Egyptian dominion in the peninsula of Sinai, which he conquered for its mineral wealth. _Monuments._--A number of carved stones, a bas-relief at Wady Magharah showing him smiting an enemy. 3733 =Khufu= or =Cheops=.--Builder of the Great Pyramid, Khut--“The Horizon.” 3666 =Khaf-Ra.=--Builder of the pyramid Ur,--“The Great.” 3633 =Men-kau-Ra.=--Builder of the pyramid Her,--“The Supreme.” He enlarges it after it is built. He afterward builds another pyramid at Abu Roash, and was probably buried there. A peaceful dynasty. Brilliant age of art and literature. VTH DYNASTY, 3566-3300 B.C. 3566 A new house from Elephantine “of priestly character” founded by =Us-kaf=. 3533 =Sahu-Ra.=--One of the most renowned rulers of the Old Memphis Kingdom. Wars in Sinai. _Monument._--Pyramid Khaba, at Abusir. 3433 =Usen-en-Ra.=--First Pharaoh to adopt a second cartouche with his private name, An. He holds the rule over the peninsula of Sinai.