The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 03 : $b Greece to the Peloponnesian War
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 03 : $b Greece to the Peloponnesian War
World history
We have discovered no large free statuary in the round in any material
as yet, though part of a hand at Knossos speaks to its existence; but
figurines in metal, painted terra-cotta, and ivory, replacing the
earlier stone idols, are fairly abundant. For these bronze is by far
the commonest medium, and two types prevail; a female with bell-like or
flounced divided skirt, and hair coiled or hanging in tails, and a male,
nude but for a loin-cloth. The position of the hands and legs varies with
the skill of the artist, as in all archaic statuary. Knossos has revealed
for the first time the Mycenæan artist’s skill in painted plaster-relief
(_gesso duro_). The life-size bull’s head from the northern entrance of
the palace and fragments of human busts challenge comparison triumphantly
with the finest Egyptian work. And from the same site comes the fullest
assurance of a high development of fresco-painting.
Tiryns had already shown us a galloping bull on its palace wall, Mycenæ
smaller figures and patterns, and Phylakopi its panel of flying-fish;
but Knossos is in advance of all with its processions of richly dressed
vase-carriers, stiff in general pose and incorrect in outline, but
admirably painted in detail and noble in type; and its yet more novel
scenes of small figures, in animated act of dance or ritual or war,
irresistibly suggestive of early Attic vase-painting. Precious fragments
of painted transparencies in rock-crystal have also survived, and both
Mycenæ and Knossos have yielded stone with traces of painted design.
Moulded glass of a cloudy blue-green texture seems to belong to the
later period, at which carved ivory, previously rare, though found even
in pre-Mycenæan strata, becomes common. The Spata tomb in Attica alone
yielded 730 pieces of the latter material, helmeted heads in profile,
mirror handles and sides of coffers of orientalising design, plaques
with outlines of heraldic animals, and so forth. Articles in paste and
porcelain of native manufacture, though often of exotic design, have
been found most commonly where Eastern influence is to be expected; for
instance, at Enkomi in Cyprus. But the glassy blue composition, known to
Homer as κύανος, an imitation of lapis-lazuli, was used in architectural
ornament at Tiryns.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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