The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 04 : $b Greece to the Roman Conquest
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 04 : $b Greece to the Roman Conquest
World history
Against so powerful a league, the allies, whom the Lacedæmonians could
now command, were principally from the smaller Grecian cities, and none
beyond Peloponnesus. Marching themselves six thousand foot and six
hundred horse, and being joined by the Mantineans and Tegeans, whose
numbers are not reported, they were farther reinforced by no more than
seven thousand five hundred heavy-armed, from Epidaurus, Hermione,
Trœzen, Sicyon, Achaia, and Elis. Aristodemus, of the blood royal, as
regent, commanded for the king, Agesipolis, yet a boy.
Circumstances commonly occur to render confederate armies less
efficacious, in proportion to their strength, than those under a single
authority. A dispute about the command in chief, with some difference
of opinion about their order of battle, some of the generals being for
deeper, others for more extended phalanges, gave opportunity for the
Lacedæmonians to collect their forces, and march far beyond their own
frontier, so as to meet the enemy near Corinth. In the account of the
preparatory sacrifices there drops from Xenophon a remarkable confession,
that those ceremonies were sometimes engines of policy. While the
Bœotians, he says, held the left of their army, they were in no haste
to engage; but, as soon as they had prevailed to have their situation
in the line changed, so that the Athenians would be opposed to the
Lacedæmonians, and themselves to the Achæans, then they declared that the
symptoms of the victims were favourable. They saved themselves perhaps
some slaughter by this disingenuous artifice. In the battle which ensued
the Achæans fled, and all the allies of Lacedæmon equally yielded to
those opposed to them. But the Athenians were defeated with considerable
slaughter; and the superior discipline of the Lacedæmonians so prevailed
against superior numbers that, with the loss of only eight of their own
body, they remained finally masters of the field; in which, if we may
trust Xenophon’s panegyric of Agesilaus for what he has omitted to state
in his general history, no less than ten thousand of the confederate army
fell.[9] Probably however, though the Lacedæmonians themselves suffered
little, their allies suffered much; for the victory seems to have been
little farther decisive than to prevent the invasion of Peloponnesus.
Meanwhile Agesilaus was hastening his march from Asia. He crossed the
Hellespont about the middle of July. At Amphipolis he met Dercyllidas,
who had been sent to inform him of the victory obtained near Corinth.
Immediately he forwarded that able and popular officer into Asia, to
communicate the grateful news among the Grecian cities there, and to
prepare them for his early return, of which there seemed now fair promise.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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