1060 =Muhammed Al-Muatedid= seizes Cordova, and then becomes the most powerful leader of the Moorish rulers in Spain. Muhammed Gehwar dies of grief. 1064 Last victories of Ferdinand I in Catalonia and Valencia. Al-Mamun of Toledo captures Valencia, deposing his brother-in-law, Al-Mudafar. 1070 Rise of the Almoravids in Africa due to Yusuf b. Tashufin. 1078 Ibn Abed of Seville takes Murcia. 1079 Conquest of Malaga by Ibn Omar, the vizir of Ibn Abed. Alliance between Ibn Abed and Alfonso VI of Castile. 1081 Alfonso VI invades Toledo. Al-Aftas, emir of Badajoz, drives him back. 1085 Capture of Toledo by Alfonso VI. 1086 Al-Mutamid, emir of Seville, asks Yusuf, the Almoravid chief in Africa, for assistance. He comes, and defeats Alfonso at Zallaka. 1087 Yusuf returns to Africa. The Cid defeats the Moors at Al-Coraza, and captures Huesca. 1088 Yusuf recalled to Spain, but is able to accomplish nothing, owing to discord and dissension among the emirs. 1089 The Moors besiege Alid, but are driven off by Alfonso. Yusuf returns to Africa. 1090 Yusuf returns to Spain with a large army, and conquers Granada. 1091 Conquest of Seville and Almeria by Yusuf. Al-Mutamin sent to Africa a prisoner. Yusuf is now supreme in the Mohammedan regions of Spain. THE ALMORAVID DYNASTY (1091-1146 A.D.) The Almoravids are a confederation of Berber sectaries who have established a vast kingdom in Africa. The king, =Yusuf b. Tashufin=, establishes his capital at Morocco, in 1069, and his intrusion into the affairs of Spain is explained above. 1092 Valencia betrayed to the Almoravids. Al-Kadir, the emir, slain. 1093 Yusuf captures Badajoz and puts the emir Al-Mutawakkil to death. 1094 The Cid takes Valencia from the Moors. 1095 The Balearic Isles submit to Yusuf. 1099 Death of the Cid. Valencia comes under Moorish rule the following year. 1103 Yusuf turns government over to his son =Ali=, and returns to Africa, where he dies, 1106, at age of one hundred. (Ninety-seven Christian years.) 1108 Victory of Ali over Alfonso VI of Castile, at Urcesia (Ucles). 1109 Alfonso defeats the emir of Saragossa. Ali returns to Africa after unsuccessful siege of Toledo. The centre of government is at Morocco. 1114 The Pisans take the Balearic Isles from the Moors. 1117 Alfonso allies himself with the emir of Saragossa against Ali. They take Lerida, and defeat the Almoravids. 1121 Rebellion of Cordova. Revolt of Muhammed b. Abdallah (Al-Mahdi) in Africa. Rise of the Almohads (Unitarians). 1123 Siege of Morocco by the Almohads. Ali drives them off. 1130 Ali, son of Tashufin, defeated by Alfonso. Abdul-Mumin, successor of Al-Mahdi, defeats Ali in Morocco. 1134 The Moors defeat and slay Alfonso I of Aragon at Fraga.