The Historical Child: Paidology; The Science of the ChildChrisman, Oscar
History
The Historical Child: Paidology; The Science of the Child
Chrisman, Oscar
Children; Manners and customs
At twenty years of age, the budding youth became known as an _eiren_, "a
youth." These remained youths for the next ten years and they lived in
barracks to themselves. They took a public oath of loyalty to Sparta and
entered the army, thus going into real military life. They entered upon
the life of a soldier, lived upon the coarsest fare, were drilled in the
usages of warfare, and were sent out to guard and care for some armed
camps or fortresses on the border. Each year there were festivals in
which was displayed by all the youth their skill in military drill and
gymnastic exercises and in music and dancing, such exhibits being before
the king and the officers and the public.
At thirty years of age, the Spartan was recognized as being a full-grown
man and became a member of the public assembly and was required to
marry. But even then he had to remain with the youths and boys and eat
at the common table with them, so that he had no home and had to visit
his wife secretly in her home. He also continued in military service. It
was the custom for each man to select a boy or a youth as a companion
and to look after his care and training. These men were expected to be
examples to the boys and youths and to correct them in their faults, the
men being punished upon failure to do these things.
The girls of Sparta received a public training similar to that of the
boys. It was the aim to train them so as to become strong, healthy
women, such as could bear robust sons to the state. They were given
gymnastic exercises such as were given to the boys, but not in company
with the boys, and also the girls were permitted to remain at home. They
were exercised in running, wrestling, leaping, throwing the discus,
hurling the javelin, and in dancing and music. On some occasions the
young men and young women danced and sang together in public in
festivals to the gods. This training did produce strong women and who
were as patriotic as the men and who as mothers could give thanks to the
gods in the temples when they learned that husbands and sons had died
fighting for their country.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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