The Historical Evidence for the Virgin BirthTaylor, Vincent
Religion
The Historical Evidence for the Virgin Birth
Taylor, Vincent
Bible. Gospels; Jesus Christ -- Nativity; Virgin birth
1. We begin with τὸ γεννώμενον (the construction.) As is well known, the
article with the participle is quite a characteristic of the Lukan
writings. “Participles with the article often take the place of
substantives”, writes Plummer (ICC., St. Lk., p. lxii). The instances
given by Plummer are as follows:
ii. 27. κατὰ τὸ εἰθισμένον. (Here only in NT.)
iv. 16. κατὰ τό εἰωθός. (Here and Acts xvii, 2 only.)
viii. 34. ἰδόντες δὲ οἱ βόσκοντες τὸ γεγονὸς ἕφυγον. (Here and Mk. v. 14;
Lk. [xxiv. 12]. Cf. also Acts iv. 21.)
xxii. 22. κατὰ τὸ ὡρισμένον. (Here only in NT. Cf. the parallel passages,
Mt. xxvi. 24 and Mk. xiv. 21, where we find καθὼς γέγραπται περὶ αὐτοῦ.)
xxiv. 14. περὶ πάντων τῶν συμβεβηκὸτων τούτων. (Cf. Acts iii. 10.)
To these may be added xxi. 36, xxiii. 47, 48. The construction is clearly
Lukan, without, of course, being exclusively Lukan, and though τὸ
γεννώμενον does not occur elsewhere in St. Luke’s works, the verb is not
uncommon (10 times out of 93 in the NT., of which 40 occur in the
Genealogy in Mt.).
2. Κληθήσεται. In his _Date of Acts_ Harnack underlines this verb, as a
Lukan trait, wherever it occurs in the “We” Sections, which he prints on
pp. 4‐12. Out of the total number of cases in which it occurs in the New
Testament, no less than 44 per cent. are found in the Lukan writings. In
the Gospel it is present 41 times. It should also be noted that when we
compare καὶ τὸ γ. ἅγιον κληθήσεται with the analogous phrase in Mt. 1. 20,
τὸ γὰρ ἐν αὐτῇ γεννηθὲν ἐκ πνεύματός ἐστιν ἁγίου, in the latter the Lukan
καλέω is absent. Of course καλέω is a common word, but St. Luke’s use of
it is distinctive, and with this usage κληθήσεται in verse 35 agrees.
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