7. All these names, however, only indicate the attributes and actions of the deity; but the name PHŒBUS expresses more nearly his peculiar nature. From its original sense of “_bright_,” “_clear_,” its secondary sense of “_pure_,” “_unstained_,” is easily derived;(1272) and hence the term φοιβάζειν (which perhaps is connected with the Latin _februare_), “to expiate.” Phoebus therefore is the clear and spotless god, often emphatically called the “pure and holy” (ἁγνὸς θεός).(1273) This name is particularly applied to him when he returns purified from Tempe.(1274) The same meaning is implied in the epithet ξανθὸς, which also signifies “pure,” and “clear;”(1275) hence the streams near the temples of Apollo in Troy and Lycia were called Xanthus,(1276) and amongst the Macedonians the expiatory festival of the army bore the title of _Xanthica_.(1277) In allusion to Apollo as a god of joy and gladness, Aeschylus frequently forbids that he should be invoked in sorrow.(1278) Several other passages from poets and grammarians might be adduced to support this idea.(1279) 8. We now come to the most enigmatical of all the titles of Apollo, viz., “LYCEUS.” It was shown above, that Apollo Lycius was worshipped at Lycorea on mount Parnassus, in Lycia at the foot of mount Cragus, in Lycia under mount Ida, at Athens, Argos, Sparta, and Sicyon. This religion must have been of greater antiquity than the Greek colonies in Asia Minor, having been carried over thither at the time of their establishment. Homer was also acquainted with this title of Apollo. In explanation of this epithet we every where find traditions concerning wolves. The descendants of Deucalion, who survived the deluge, following a wolf’s roar, founded Lycorea on a ridge of mount Parnassus. Latona came as a she-wolf from the Hyperboreans to Delos: she was conducted by wolves to the river Xanthus. Wolves protected the treasures of Apollo; and near the great altar at Delphi there stood an iron wolf with ancient inscriptions.(1280) The attack of a wolf upon a herd of cattle occasioned the worship of Apollo Lyceus at Argos, where a brazen group of figures, commemorating the circumstance, was erected in the market-place.(1281) The Sicyonian tradition of Apollo “the destroyer of wolves” is certainly of less antiquity, as also the epithet Λυκοκτόνος (_Lupercus_), which occurs in Sophocles and other authors.(1282)