The History and Antiquities of the Doric Race, Vol. 2 of 2Müller, Karl Otfried
History
The History and Antiquities of the Doric Race, Vol. 2 of 2
Müller, Karl Otfried
Dorians -- History; Greece -- Antiquities, Dorian; Greece -- History -- Dorian Invasions, approximately 1125-1025 B.C.
6. In the present chapter we have frequently had occasion to mention the
laws of Zaleucus (the earliest written code which existed in
Greece),(1070) actuated by a belief that they were of Doric origin. The
Epizephyrian Locrians, amongst whom these laws were in force, were indeed
for the most part descendants of the Ozolian and Opuntian Locrians.(1071)
Aristotle describes them as a collected rabble, in the true spirit of a
mythologist, carrying to the extreme the opposition between recent
regularity and early anarchy. These Locrians, however, at the very first
establishment of their city, received the Doric customs, Syracusans from
Corinth having contributed largely to its foundation,(1072) besides which
the Spartans are said to have colonized Locri during the first Messenian
war. Although the time may be doubtful, it is an additional confirmation
of the fact, that in an ancient war with the inhabitants of Croton, the
Locrians applied for assistance to the Spartans, who promised them the
assistance of their gods of war, the Tyndaridæ. Locri was therefore
considered a Doric state, a character which was likewise preserved in its
dialect. The constitution was also an oligarchy,(1073) in the hands
apparently of a number of Doric and Locrian families. We find in this
state, as well as in its mother-city Opus, the hundred families who, by
virtue of their nobility, enjoyed a large share in the government.(1074)
But that the aristocracy was united with a timocracy appears to me to be
proved by the senate of a thousand; which, under the presidency of the
cosmopolis, constituted a supreme court of justice,(1075) and appears to
have been formed in the manner stated, if we may judge from the analogy of
the senates of Rhegium and Agrigentum: which argument seems to have the
greater weight, as such numerous councils of an aristocratic character do
not appear to have existed in Greece, and they were evidently not
democratic.
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