The History and Antiquities of the Doric Race, Vol. 2 of 2Müller, Karl Otfried
History
The History and Antiquities of the Doric Race, Vol. 2 of 2
Müller, Karl Otfried
Dorians -- History; Greece -- Antiquities, Dorian; Greece -- History -- Dorian Invasions, approximately 1125-1025 B.C.
9. We now return to Peloponnesus. In SICYON the tyrants had, as in other
states, been the leaders of a democratic party;(758) but their dominion
put an end to the times of disturbance and irregularity, which had
occasioned the Pythian priestess to say, that “Sicyon needed a
disciplinarian.”(759) After their overthrow an early constitution was
restored, which remained unshaken during the Peloponnesian war. We are
only informed that in 418 B.C. the Lacedæmonians made the constitution
more oligarchical;(760) that it had not previously been entirely
democratical, is shown by the fidelity with which Sicyon adhered to the
head of the Peloponnesian league. After the battle of Leuctra we find that
Sicyon possessed an Achæan constitution, _i.e._, one founded on property,
in which the rich were supreme;(761) Euphron, in 369 B.C., undertook to
change this into a democracy, and thus obtained the tyranny, until the
party of the nobles, whom he persecuted, overthrew him.(762) Plutarch
states most clearly the changes in this constitution; “after the unmixed
and Doric aristocracy(763) had been destroyed, Sicyon fell from one
sedition, from one tyranny into another;” until, at the time of Aratus, it
adopted the almost purely democratical institutions of the Achæans.
As PHLIUS during the whole Peloponnesian war remained faithful to the
interest of Sparta and hostile to Argos, it is evident that the state was
under an aristocratic government.(764) In a revolution which took place
before 383 B.C. the Lacedæmonian party had been expelled, but were in the
same year again received by the people; the government, however, did not
become democratical, until Agesilaus, introduced by the former party,
conquered the city, and remodelled the constitution(765) (379 B.C.).
Before this period the democratic assembly consisted of more than 5000
members, those who were inclined to the Lacedæmonians furnished above 1000
heavy-armed soldiers. A very regular system of government is proved to
have existed, by the patience and heroism with which the Phliasians, in
372-376 B.C., defended their city and country against the attacks of the
Argives, Arcadians, Eleans, and Thebans, until, without breaking their
fidelity to Sparta, they concluded a peace with Thebes and Argos (366
B.C.).
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