The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
To the god held in chief honour
at the city of Thebes he presented a ship of cedar wood, 280 cubits in
length, of which the visible part was overlaid on the inside with silver
and on the outside with gold, and in his honour he also erected two
obelisks of hard stone, 120 cubits high, on which he caused to be
inscribed the greatness of his power, the number of the subjugated
nations, and the amount of his income. When he had reigned thirty-three
years his eyesight began to fail, and he voluntarily put an end to his
own life. Many generations after, when Darius wished to set up his own
image in front of Sesosis, the high priest forbade him in the assembly
of priests, and explained that Darius had not surpassed the deeds of
Sesosis. So far from being enraged, Darius was pleased at his freedom,
and said that he would henceforth make it his object, should an equal
length of life be given him, to fall below Sesosis in no respect.[205]
Strabo says: Sesostris appears first of all to have conquered the land
of the Ethiopians and Troglodytes; on the coast of the Arabian Gulf,
between the harbour of the Protectress and the Elephant-hunt, there
stood on a hill a temple built by Sesostris in honour of Isis. He
succeeded in reaching the land of cinnamon, where pillars and
inscriptions are shown as monuments of his campaign. Then he crossed
over to Arabia, and it is said that in the narrow part of Ethiopia
towards Arabia, on the promontory of Dirê, there was a pillar giving an
account of his crossing. From Arabia he went on to invade the whole of
Asia, and even forced his way into Europe. In many places ramparts and
temples of the Egyptian style are shown as the work of Sesostris. In
Egypt he undertook the construction of a canal from the Nile into the
Arabian Gulf and the Red Sea.[206]
When Germanicus, the son of Drusus, travelled in Egypt, he saw large
remains of ancient Thebes. On the mighty walls, so Tacitus continues,
the Egyptian inscriptions still remained, telling of their former
magnificence. One of the older priests was bidden to translate the
Egyptian inscriptions, and he informed them that once there had been
700,000 men of military age in the kingdom, and with this army Ramses
had subjugated Libya and Ethiopia, the Medes, Persians, Bactrians, and
Scythians, and in addition to these had ruled over the lands from the
Bithynian to the Lycian Seas, which are inhabited by the Syrians, the
Armenians, and their neighbours, the Cappadocians. The amount of tribute
also imposed upon the nations was read, the weight of silver and gold,
the number of weapons and horses, the presents of ivory and frankincense
for the temples, and how much each nation had to contribute in corn and
goods--an amount no less than that which is now imposed by the power of
the Parthians or the Romans.[207]
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