The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
earth has been already brought before us in the inscription on the
statue of Chafra, the builder of the second largest pyramid, which
describes him as the "good god, the master and gold Horus" (p. 95). It
continues unchanged to the last centuries of the kingdom, and even
survives the independence of Egypt. In the inscriptions of the temples
the Ptolemies and Roman Cæsars are named by the same solemn titles as
the ancient Pharaohs.[253]
We saw that priests were allotted to the spirits of the buried kings (p.
99). In the ruins at Luxor, spirits of heaven are carrying Amenophis
III. into the presence of Ammon, who consecrates him king (p. 138). In
the Ramesseum and in the palace at Medinet Habu we have pictures of the
coronation of Ramses II. and Ramses III. In both, the four geese of the
four spirits of heaven are bidden by the priest to announce to the
spirits of the east and west, of the north and the south, that the king
has put on the double crown. In the rock temple at Selseleh (p. 149),
the goddess Anuke gives her breast to king Horus, who is depicted as
already grown into a youth; in the rock temple at Beth-el-Walli, Isis
and Anuke allow Ramses II. to suck at their breasts. In the Ramesseum,
Ramses II. is led by the gods Mentu and Chunsu and the goddess Mut
before Ammon (p. 171). These pictures, in which gods bring the kings
before Ammon, and worship him, that he may bestow life and purity on the
princes presented by them, are constantly recurring. On the monuments
the kings are found sacrificing, not only to their divine forefathers,
but also to themselves and their own divinity (p. 24). Tuthmosis III.
dedicated a temple to the god Sesurtesen III., and ordained regular
sacrifices to him; and Amenophis III. built a temple in Nubia to his own
divinity (pp. 134, 137).
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