The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
The Pharaohs were surrounded with all the state of Oriental despots. On
the picture of the coronation, the assumption of the Pschent by Ramses
III. at Medinet Habu, the procession is led by trumpeters, who are
followed by commanders and magistrates. Twenty-two priests lead the
statue of Ammon, who is followed by a priest with incense, and a scribe
who appears to read a proclamation. The king is then carried in by
twelve richly-attired men on a throne under a canopy. Beside the throne
walk certain officers, who cool the king with large fans; others carry
the weapons of the king and the insignia of his power. Behind follow the
captains of the army and the body-guard. Then a white bull is led in the
procession by priests, and the whole closes with priests carrying the
name-shields of the predecessors of the king. On descending from the
throne the king makes a libation towards Ammon, burns incense to him,
and cuts off some ears of corn with a golden sickle.[255] The court was
numerous: fan-bearers on the right, and fan-bearers on the left, bearers
of the parasol, keepers of the king's bow, captains of the body-guard,
overseers of the palace, overseers of the buildings in Upper and Lower
Egypt, overseers of the horses, books, and music, stewards of the
granaries in Upper and Lower Egypt, stewards of the royal flocks,
treasurers, butlers of the palace, and other officers are
mentioned.[256] According to the monuments, the king's household
furniture was profuse in silver and gold. The gondolas were gilded, with
variegated sails, the trappings of the horses were splendidly
ornamented, the stuffed seats curiously carved and richly decked; and of
the complicated occupations of the royal kitchen, of the number of
people employed, of cup-bearers and master cooks, as well as of the
preparation of the food--the monuments give us a very complete idea.
The death of the king was mourned for seventy days, like the death of an
Apis. During this time everyone had to abstain from baths, from flesh
and wine, until the son of the ruler, who had entered into Amenti,
ascended the throne as a new Horus and giver of life to the land, and
the visage of the new lord again "beamed like a sun over both the lands
of Egypt" after the days of lamentation. The succession, so far as we
can see, was not infrequently broken by usurpations, which have always
been inseparable from the despotic form of government.[257]
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