is still a king. The hereditary viceroys of Persia under the Arsacids, one and all, put the title "king" on their coins. When Papek, and Ardeshir after him, had taken their place, they call themselves kings; Ardeshir, the founder of the dominion of the Sassanids, designates himself as "king," "king of the divine stock," even before he has overthrown his own king, Artabanus, the Arsacid. As the youth of Achæmenes is ennobled in the older tradition, so later legends surrounded the life of the progenitor of the Sassanids with premonitory indications. FOOTNOTES: [505] Burnouf, "Commentaire sur le Yaçna," p. 251. [506] Arrian, "Ind." 38-40; Strabo, p. 727, 728, 738; Plin. "H. N." 6, 26; cf. Ptol. 6, 4, 1. [507] "Bacch." 14-16. [508] Arrian, "Ind." 40. [509] Spiegel, "Eran," 2, 260. [510] Herod. 9, 122, 1, 171; Nicol. Damasc. fragm. 66, ed. Müller; Xenophon, "Cyri instit." 6, 2, 22; 8, 8, 5-12; Plato, "Legg." p. 695; Strabo, p. 734. [511] Herod. 1, 125. [512] Strabo, p. 727. [513] Above, p. 270. Strabo, p. 728, 730; Ptol. 6, 4. [514] Arrian, "Ind." 40; Strabo, p. 727. [515] Aeschylus speaks of a Maraphis among the kings of the Persians, "Pers." 778. [516] Above, p. 282. [517] The place has the same name as the tribe; Pasargadae cannot in any case mean "Persian camp," as Anaximenes maintains in Stephanus. Oppert believes that he has discovered in the Pisiyauvada of the inscription of Behistun the original form of the name Pasargadae, which is the Greek form of the Persian word. Pisiyauvada (_paisi gauvuda_) means "valley of springs;" "Peuple des Medes," p. 110. [518] So Rawlinson and Spiegel. E. Schrader translates III. of the Babylonian version: "From old from the fathers we were kings." _Abutav_ appears as a fact to leave no doubt about this sense. Oppert now translates _duvitataranam_ (IV. of the Persian text) by twice, _i.e._ in two epochs we were kings: "Rec. of the Past," 7, 88; but his previous translation, "in two tribes" (_i.e._ in the older and younger line), we were kings, exactly corresponds to the facts. [519] The list of the Achæmenids, which we obtain from a comparison of Herodotus (6, 11), and the inscription of Behistun 1, 3-8, is as follows: Achæmenes (Hakhamanis). | Teispes (Khaispis). | +--------------+-------------+ | | (Kambujiya) Cambyses. Ariamnes (Ariyaramna). | | (Kurus) Cyrus. Arsames (Arsama). | | (Kambujiya) Cambyses. Hystaspes (Vistaçpa). | Darius (Darayavus).