The History of Antiquity, Vol. 5 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 5 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
The Armenians also narrate the fall of Astyages. Moses of Chorene (I.
513) tells us that he only related the stories of the Persians to please
his patron Sahak (Isaac) Bagratuni, and gave them a meaning which they
did not possess. Biurasp Asdahag lived at the time of Nimrod, and the
person whom the Persians in their stories call the child of Satan,
served him; and with regard to the dragon, or the changing of Asdahag
into a dragon, the truth was that he sacrificed men in infinite numbers
to the dragon, till the multitude grew weary, overpowered him, and threw
him into a trench filled with bitumen. Moses further tells us: The ninth
descendant of Baroir of Armenia (I. 515), King Tigran, was the
mightiest of all the princes of Armenia, and helped Cyrus to overthrow
the kingdom of the Medes. Tigran was pledged by treaties to Asdahag
(Astyages) the king of the Medians, and when he united with Cyrus,
Astyages had an evil dream. He saw a high mountain surrounded by snow
and ice, as in the land of the son of Haikhs (I. 513). On the summit of
the mountain, a woman in purple, covered with a sky-blue veil, brought
forth three heroes at once: one, carried on a lion, dashed toward the
west; the second, on a leopard, to the north; the third, on a monstrous
dragon, to Media. With this Asdahag fought in the dream: they shed a sea
of blood, and pierced each other with their lances. Asdahag explained
this dream to mean that he had to expect an attack from Tigran, the king
of Armenia. To prevent this, and secretly to destroy Tigran, Asdahag
sought Tigran's sister, Tigranuhi, in marriage, obtained her, and held
her in great honour. Then he asked for a meeting with Tigran. But
Tigranuhi had perceived the duplicity of Asdahag, and warned her
brother. He collected the best warriors of great and little Armenia, and
marched against the Medes. The war continued for four months, till
Tigran in a hand-to-hand conflict pierced the iron armour of Asdahag
with his lance. The death of Asdahag put an end to the battle and the
war, and Tigran led his sister back to Armenia, where she became the
ancestress of the race of Osdan. Anuish (Aryanis), the first wife of
Astyages, and a number of young princesses and boys, more than 10,000 in
all, Tigranes brought to Armenia, and settled there to the east of the
great mountain, towards the land of Koghten, in the plain of Ajtnayan,
as far as Nakhjevan. In the songs of the people of Koghten, the
descendants of Astyages are spoken of in an allegorical manner, as the
descendants of the dragon; for Astyages (Asdahag) in our language means
the dragon.[539] As has been shown, the Armenians were closely allied to
the people of Iran in language, character, and religious worship. It
cannot therefore astonish us that the legends of Iran are known to them.
What Moses tells us of Biurasp Asdahag and his serpents rests on the
myth in the Avesta of the serpent Azhi dahaka, the Zohak of the later
form of Iranian legend (p. 250).
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