included in the first division into satrapies--which he places soon after the accession of Darius--but the islands and the Thracians were added later on. The palace at Persepolis must therefore have been built about the year 515 B.C. after the war upon the Indians and the expedition to Samos, after the subjugation of the strait, but before the campaigns against Scythia and Barca. The Scythian campaign falls in the year 513, the conquests of Megabyzus and Otanes in 512, the campaign against Barca in 513 and 512, the expedition for the investigation of the Greek coasts in 512 or 511. The inscription on the tomb of Darius does not mention Ionians of the continent and Ionians of the sea, but Ionians merely in one case, and then _Yauna takabara_, _i.e._ Ionians who wore locks, by whom may be meant the Greeks of Lemnos and Imbros, the Greek cities of the Thracian coast, and the Macedonians, _i.e._ the regions which were first subjugated after the Scythian campaign. It will be made clear below that the last names in the inscription on the tomb are to be explained of African tribes, _i.e._ of the result of the expedition against Barca. By the Çkudra, mentioned on the inscription, we may understand the Thracians; in the place of the Çaka who are mentioned without any addition at Behistun and Persepolis, the sepulchral inscription has three kinds of Çaka:--_Çaka humavarka_, who must be interpreted to mean the Amyrgian Sacae of Herodotus; _Çaka tigrakhauda_, _i.e._ Sacae with pointed caps; and finally _Çaka taradaraya_, _i.e._ Sacae beyond the sea, who must be the Scoloti. [265] Herod. 4, 89-91. [266] Herod. 4, 90-92. "Geographical Journal," vol. 24, p. 44 ff, where is also to be found the report of General Jochmus on the supposed inscription in cuneiform letters and on the stone-heaps, which, according to Herodotus, the soldiers of Darius piled up at Artiscus. [267] Herod. 4, 93, 94; Strabo, p. 305; Thuc. 2, 96. [268] Herod. 4, 97, 98. [269] Vol. III. 235. Neumann, "Hellenen in Skythenlande," s. 200, 211, 215. [270] Vol. III. 229. [271] Neumann, _loc. cit._ s. 223 ff. [272] Justin, 2, 3, 5. [273] Ctes. "Pers." 16. [274] Strabo, p. 305. [275] Strabo, p. 737. [276] Pherecyd. fragm. 113, ed. Müller. [277] Hic quum crebri afferrent nuntii male rem gerere Darium premique ab Scythis, Miltiades hortatus est, etc. Nepos, "Miltiades," 4, in any case following Ephorus. [278] Herod. 5, 27. It is clear that the Antandrians and Lamponians were accused only of abandoning the campaign, not of imperilling the retreat. [279] Strabo, p. 591. [280] Herod. 5, 11. [281] Herod. 4, 143, 144. [282] Herod. 5, 12. [283] Herod. 5, 26, 27.