Even the languages of the two principal races of the Mediterranean species—the Semitic and Indo-Germanic—cannot be traced to a common origin, and consequently these two races must have separated at a very early period. Semites and Indo-Germani are descended from different ape-like men. The _Semitic_ race likewise separated at a very early period into two diverging branches, namely, into the _Egyptian_ and _Arabic_ branches. The _Egyptian_, or _African_ branch, the _Dyssemites_—which sometimes under the name of Hamites are entirely separated from the Semites—embraces the large group of Berbers, who occupy the whole of north Africa, and in earlier times also peopled the Canary Islands, and, finally, also the group of the Ethiopians, the Bedsha, Galla, Danakil, Somali, and other tribes which occupy all the north-eastern shores of Africa as far as the equator. The _Arabic_, or _Asiatic_ branch, that is, the _Eusemites_, also called Semites in a narrow sense, embrace the inhabitants of the large Arabian peninsula, the primæval family of genuine Arabians (“primæval type of the Semites”), and also the most highly developed Semitic groups, the Jews, or Hebrews, and the Aramæans—the Syrians and Chaldæans. A colony of the southern Arabs (the Himjarites), which crossed the Straits of Bab-el-Mandeb, has peopled Abyssinia. Lastly, the Indo-Germanic race, which has far surpassed all the other races of men in mental development, separated at a very early period, like the Semitic, into two diverging branches, the _Ario-Romaic_ and the _Slavo-Germanic_ branches. Out of the former arose on the one hand the _Arians_ (Indians and Iranians), on the other the _Græco-Roman_ (Greeks and Albanians, Italians and Kelts). Out of the Slavo-Germanic branch were developed on the one hand the _Slavonians_ (Russian, Bulgarian, Tchec, and Baltic tribes), on the other the _Germani_ (Scandinavians and Germans, Netherlanders and Anglo-Saxons). August Schleicher has explained, in a very clear genealogical form, how the further ramifications of the Indo-Germanic race may be accurately traced in detail on the basis of comparative philology.(6) (Compare p. 331.)