The History of Cuba, vol. 5Johnson, Willis Fletcher
History
The History of Cuba, vol. 5
Johnson, Willis Fletcher
Cuba -- Economic conditions; Cuba -- History
The interdependence of produce and transportation is well illustrated in
the early history of what is now known as the United Fruit Company. In
1870, Captain Lorenzo D. Baker was in command of a small, swift coasting
schooner en route from Jamaica to Boston. On the wharf at Kingston
lay some 40 bunches of bananas, a few of which were ripe, others lacking
10 days or more in which to change their dull green coats into the soft
creamy yellow of the matured fruit. Captain Baker was fond of bananas,
and ordered that the lot be placed on board his schooner, just before
sailing. Fortune favored him and strong easterly beam winds brought him
into the harbor of Boston in 10 days, with all of the bunches not
consumed en route in practically perfect condition. Many friends of
Capt. Baker, to whom this delicious fruit was practically unknown, got a
taste of the banana for the first time. Among these was Andrew W.
Preston, a local fruit dealer in Boston, who was greatly impressed with
the appearance of the fruit, and the success which had attended Captain
Baker’s effort to get the bananas into the market without injury.
Mr. Preston reckoned that if a schooner with a fair wind could land such
delicious fruit in Boston in ten days, steamers could do the same work
with absolute certainty in less time. This far sighted pioneer and
promoter of trade realized that three factors were essential to building
up an industry of this kind. First, there must be a market for the
product, and he was confident that the people of Boston and the vicinity
could soon be educated to like the banana and to purchase it if offered
at a fair price. Next, a sufficient and steady supply must be provided.
Third, reliable transportation in the form of steamers of convenient
size and suitable equipment must be secured, in order to convey the
fruit with economy and regularity to the waiting market or point of
consumption. True, he at first failed to interest other fruit dealers in
the project. “It had never been done and consequently was a dangerous
innovation that would probably prove unprofitable.” But Mr. Preston had
visualized a new industry on a large scale, and with the faith of the
industrial pioneer he finally succeeded in persuading nine of his
friends to put up with him each $2,000, and to form a company for the
purpose of growing bananas in the West Indies, of chartering a steamer
suitable for the transportation, and finding a market for the produce in
Boston.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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