_Cella vinaria_, ancient Roman apartments for fermenting wine, 88. Cellarer, duties of the, 131. court and prison of, at St. Edmundsbury, 131. Jocell, the, ordered to drink only water, 131. Charlemagne, his sobriety, 105. his temperance legislation, 105. Chatham (Co. Morris, U.S.A.), effective suppression of taverns in, 217. China, hard drinking in ancient, 17. capital punishment for drunkenness in ancient, 21, 22. deplorable condition of ancient, 22. intoxicating drinks in modern, 29. taverns in modern, 30. dinner parties in modern, 31-32. opium smoking in modern, 32. Chinese, sobriety of modern, 32. Christ, Jesus, his views concerning wine, 66. the miracle of the conversion of water into wine considered from a temperance point of view, 67. Christianity, vineyards introduced into Western Europe along with, 103. Church-ales, 134, 136. held in churches, 135. forbidden in churches, 137. Church of England temperance societies, 244. Cider truck, the, 188. Claret, influence of increased importation on intemperance, 182, 183. Clerk-ales, 136. Clarke, J., on improved habits of millers, 185. Clark, Alexander, on improved habits of operatives, 186. Clerics, character of the mediæval, 145. Climate not a permanent cause of drunkenness, 229, 230, 257. Clubs, the “Mermaid,” the first founded, 155. eminent men who frequented, 155-157. Johnson’s passion for, 156. the “Turk’s Head,” 156. “Button’s,” 156. “Crown and Anchor,” 157. “Bird Fanciers,” 157. “Thieves,” 157. “Lying Club,” 157. “Bold Bucks,” 157. modern, wine consumed in, 158. workmen’s social, an antidote to drunkenness, 243. Cocoa rooms and social clubs, 243. need of improvement in some, 243. Coffee-houses, first established in Germany, 115, _note_. England, 115. attempt to suppress, by the Puritans, 156. Royalists under Charles II., 156. Coldingham, irregularities of nuns of, 124. Confucius, personal habits of, 17. on excess in drinking, 18. Crawford on antiquity of drinking in the human race, 14, _note_. Crimes caused by drinking amongst savages, 4, 5. “Sura” in ancient India, 40. and drunkenness in ancient Rome, 98-100. Germany, 103-111. of Anglo-Saxons, 121, 122. of monastic orders, 124, 144. in mediæval England, 128. committed in mediæval taverns, 139. sanctioned by friars, 145. and drunkenness in the eighteenth century, 158. increase of, from introduction of spirits, 160-165. in the metropolis, eighteenth century, 161-164. English gin-shops the chief cause of the worst, 191. in the United States formerly arising from drink, 206. comparative absence of in connection with drunkenness, 210, 211. Cyrus intoxicates and defeats an enemy’s army, 52. D Danes, the intemperance of ancient, 125.