9. Was Luther probably right when he wrote, in 1524, that the schools "were deteriorating throughout Germany"? Why? 10. Give reasons why Luther's appeals for schools were not more fruitful. 11. What was the significance of the position of Luther for the future education of girls? 12. Was Luther's idea that a clergyman should have had some experience as a teacher a good one, or not? Why? 13. How do you explain Luther's ideas as to coupling up elementary and trade education in his primary schools? 14. Point out the similarity of Luther's scheme for a school system with the German school system as finally evolved (Figure 96). 15. Show how Melanchthon's Saxony Plan differed from Luther's ideas. For the times was it a more practical plan? Why? 16. Explain why the Lutheran idea of personal responsibility for salvation made so little headway in England, and show that the natural educational consequences of this resulted. 17. Show what different conditions were likely to follow, in later centuries, from the different stands taken as to the relation of the State and Church to education by the German people by the middle of the sixteenth century, and by the English at the time of Elizabeth. 18. Compare the origin of the vernacular elementary-school teacher in Germany and England. 19. Leach estimates that, in 1546, there were approximately three hundred grammar schools in England for a total population of approximately two and one half millions. About what opportunities for grammar-school education did this afford? SELECTED READINGS In the accompanying Book of Readings the following selections are reproduced: 154. Rashdall: Diffusion of Education in Mediaeval Times. 155. Times: The Vernacular Style of the Translation of the Bible. 156. Luther: To the Mayors and Magistrates of Germany. 157. Luther: Dignity and Importance of the Teacher's Work. 158. Luther: On the Duty of Compelling School Attendance. 159. Hamburg: An Example of a Lutheran _Kirchenordnung_. 160. Brieg: An Example of a Lutheran _Schuleordnung_. 161. Melanchthon: The Saxony School Plan. 162. Raumer: The School System Established in Würtemberg. 163. Duke Ernest: The _Schulemethodus_ for Gotha. 164. Strype: The Supervision of a Teacher's Acts and Religious Beliefs in England. (a) Letter of Queen's Council on. (b) Dismissal of a Teacher for non-conformity. 165. Elizabeth: Penalties on Non-conforming Schoolmasters. 166. Statutes: English Act of Uniformity of 1662. 167. Carlisle: Oath of a Grammar School Master. 168. Strype: An English Elementary-School Teacher's License. 169. Cowper: Grammar School Statutes regarding Prayers. 170. Green: Effect of the Translation of the Bible into English. 171. Old MS.: Ignorance of the Monks at Canterbury and Messenden. 172. Parker: Refounding of the Cathedral School at Canterbury. 173. Nicholls: Origin of the English Poor-Law of 1601. 174. Statutes: The English Poor Law of 1601.