The History of England, from the Accession of James II — Volume 2Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron
History
The History of England, from the Accession of James II — Volume 2
Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron
Great Britain -- History -- James II, 1685-1688; Great Britain -- History -- William and Mary, 1689-1702
It is true that several remarkable conversions had recently taken place;
but they were such as did little credit to the Church of Rome. Two
men of high rank had joined her communion; Henry Mordaunt, Earl of
Peterborough, and James Cecil, Earl of Salisbury. But Peterborough, who
had been an active soldier, courtier, and negotiator, was now broken
down by years and infirmities; and those who saw him totter about the
galleries of Whitehall, leaning on a stick and swathed up in flannels
and plasters, comforted themselves for his defection by remarking that
he had not changed his religion till he had outlived his faculties.
[226] Salisbury was foolish to a proverb. His figure was so bloated
by sensual indulgence as to be almost incapable of moving, and this
sluggish body was the abode of an equally sluggish mind. He was
represented in popular lampoons as a man made to be duped, as a man who
had hitherto been the prey of gamesters, and who might as well be the
prey of friars. A pasquinade, which, about the time of Rochester's
retirement, was fixed on the door of Salisbury House in the Strand,
described in coarse terms the horror with which the wise Robert Cecil,
if he could rise from his grave, would see to what a creature his
honours had descended. [227]
These were the highest in station among the proselytes of James. There
were other renegades of a very different kind, needy men of parts who
were destitute of principle and of all sense of personal dignity. There
is reason to believe that among these was William Wycherley, the
most licentious and hardhearted writer of a singularly licentious and
hardhearted school. [228] It is certain that Matthew Tindal, who, at a
later period, acquired great notoriety by writing against Christianity,
was at this time received into the bosom of the infallible Church, a
fact which, as may easily be supposed, the divines with whom he
was subsequently engaged in controversy did not suffer to sink into
oblivion. [229] A still more infamous apostate was Joseph Haines, whose
name is now almost forgotten, but who was well known in his own time as
an adventurer of versatile parts, sharper, coiner, false witness, sham
bail, dancing master, buffoon, poet, comedian. Some of his prologues and
epilogues were much admired by his contemporaries; and his merit as an
actor was universally acknowledged. This man professed himself a Roman
Catholic, and went to Italy in the retinue of Castelmaine, but was soon
dismissed for misconduct. If any credit is due to a tradition which was
long preserved in the green room, Haines had the impudence to affirm
that the Virgin Mary had appeared to him and called him to repentance.
After the Revolution, he attempted to make his peace with the town by a
penance more scandalous than his offence. One night, before he acted in
a farce, he appeared on the stage in a white sheet with a torch in his
hand, and recited some profane and indecent doggerel, which he called
his recantation. [230]
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