The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman ConquestHodgkin, Thomas
History
The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman Conquest
Hodgkin, Thomas
Great Britain -- History -- To 1066
In 508, the two chiefs slew a British king named Natanleod and 5,000
men with him. Evidently by this time they must have been at the head of
a large number of followers. We are told that “the land”--apparently
the scene of the battle--was named after the slain king; and it is
generally supposed that this gives us the origin of the name Netley,
well known for its ruined abbey and its military hospital. Eleven
years later (in 519) they assumed the title of kings, being no longer
contented with the humbler designation of ealdormen, and fought the
Britons at Cerdicesford, a place identified with Charford on the Avon,
about six miles south of Salisbury. Meanwhile, however, there had been
other Saxon invasions of the same region. In 501 is placed the visit
of the legendary Port with his two sons to Portsmouth, and the death
of a young Briton of very high birth who vainly tried to defend his
land from their invasion. In 514 certain West Saxon reinforcements
are represented as arriving (perhaps in the Isle of Wight) under the
leadership of another eponymous hero, Wihtgar, and his brother Stuf,
nephews of Cerdic; and, probably with their help, in 530 Cerdic and
Cynric took possession of the Isle of Wight, after slaying many Britons
at Wihtgaræsbyrg or Carisbrooke. The statements in the Chronicle about
the conquest of the Isle of Wight, obscure and confused in themselves,
become yet more so when we compare them with an earlier passage
interpolated from Bede, in which the Jutes, not the West Saxons, are
represented as the conquerors of the Isle of Wight. Of course two
tides of Teutonic conquest may have passed over the island, but it
is difficult to bring the two lines of tradition into their proper
relation to one another.
In 534, Cerdic, who must now have been an old man, ended his life and
his near forty years of British warfare, and Cynric his son reigned
alone. We may sum up the total of Cerdic’s achievements by saying
that he seems to have completed the conquest of Hampshire and the
Isle of Wight, and that he probably fixed his royal residence at the
Romano-British city of Venta Belgarum, thereafter to be known as
Winchester. The fact that it required the labour of a lifetime to
achieve the conquest of a moderate-sized English county, sufficiently
shows that the Britons were not the mere Nithings (men of naught) whom
Hengest and some of Hengest’s Teutonic countrymen have represented them
to have been.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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