The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman ConquestHodgkin, Thomas
History
The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman Conquest
Hodgkin, Thomas
Great Britain -- History -- To 1066
Thus, of so many strange pagan superstitions we have abundant vestiges,
but of Christianity in Roman Britain we have singularly few traces.
It is true that here and there among undoubtedly Roman remains the
Christian monogram (X P) or Christian formulæ such as _Vivas in Deo_
or _Spes in Deo_ have been met with.[23] In the recent excavations
at Silchester a small building which is almost certainly a Christian
basilica has also been discovered, but these are slight evidences for
the existence of a faith which was certainly professed by multitudes
ere the legions quitted Britain. As to the actual date of the
introduction of Christianity into our island we must be contented
to confess our ignorance. The story contained in the book of Papal
Lives, which was reproduced by Bede, that a certain King Lucius of
Britain, about the year 180, sent over to Pope Eleutherus, asking
for missionaries to instruct his people in the Christian faith, must
be dismissed as the fable of a later age; nor can we speak with much
certainty concerning the so-called proto-martyr, St. Alban, who is said
to have suffered for the faith in the persecution of Diocletian. There
can be no doubt, however, that there were some converts to Christianity
in Britain during the second century, and in the third century it
must have become the dominant religion here as in the rest of the
empire. Towards the end of that century our island, which produced so
many rival Cæsars, produced also one of the most famous of heretics,
Pelagius, and, of course, the existence of his heterodoxy implies also
the existence of the orthodoxy out of which it sprang. Thus, though
we cannot help sometimes relying on the “argument from silence,” the
present condition of our archæological information concerning the
existence of Christianity in Roman Britain shows us how untrustworthy
may sometimes be that very argument.
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