The History of Philosophy in IslamBoer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic
The History of Philosophy in Islam
Boer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic philosophy -- History
The philosophy in which Farabi was initiated sprung from the school of
Merv; and perhaps its members had given greater attention to
metaphysical questions than the men of Harran and Basra with their
marked leaning to Natural Philosophy.
From Bagdad, where he had long lived and worked, he went to Haleb
(Aleppo), in consequence doubtless of political disturbances, and there
he settled at the brilliant court of Saif-addaula; but he must have
spent his closing years not at court but in retirement. He died at
Damascus, while on a journey, in December, 950; and it is reported that
his prince, attired as a Sufi, pronounced over him his funeral oration.
We are told that he was eighty years of age, and it is otherwise
probable that he was a very old man. His contemporary, and partner in
study, Abu Bishr Matta died ten years before him, and his pupil Abu
Zakariya Yakhya ibn Adi in the year 971, at the age of eighty-one.
3. The chronological order of the works of Farabi has not been
determined. Shorter treatises in which he comes into touch with the
Dialecticians and Natural-Philosophers, if these are at all genuine in
the form handed down to us, may have been popular or juvenile
productions of his; but his mature powers were applied to the study of
Aristotle’s writings, for which reason the name given him by the East
was ‘the Second Teacher’, that is, ‘the Second Aristotle’.
Since his day the number and order of the works composed by Aristotle
or at least attributed to him, which have been paraphrased and
commented on after Farabi’s example, remain upon the whole fixed. First
come the eight Logical treatises, viz., the Categories; the
Hermeneutics; the First Analytics; the Second Analytics; the Topics;
the Sophistics; Rhetoric; and the Poetics: It is to these that the
Isagoge of Porphyry is the introduction. Then follow the eight
treatises which deal with Physical subjects, viz., Auscultatio Physica;
De Coelo et Mundo; De Generatione et Corruptione; the Meteorology; the
Psychology; De Sensu et Sensato; the Book of Plants; and the Book of
Animals. Lastly come the Metaphysics, the Ethics, the Politics and so
on.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account