The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus AureliusCruttwell, Charles Thomas
Philosophy
The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Cruttwell, Charles Thomas
Latin literature -- History and criticism
Stoicism was far more congenial to the national character, and many great
men professed it. Besides Laelius, who was a disciple of Diodes and
Panactius, we have the names of Rutilius Rufus, Aelius Stilo, Balbus, and
Scaevola. But during the tumultuous activity of these years it was not
possible for men to cultivate philosophy with deep appreciation. Political
struggles occupied their minds, and it was in their moments of relaxation
only that the questions agitated by stoicism would he discussed. We must
remember that as yet stoicism was one of several competing systems.
Peripateticism and the Academy, as has been said, attracted the more
sceptical or argumentative minds, for their dialectics were far superior
to those of stoicism; it was in its moral grandeur that stoicism towered
not only above these but above all other systems that have been invented,
and the time for the full recognition of this moral grandeur had not yet
come. At present men were occupied in discussing its logical quibbles and
paradoxes, and in balancing its claims to cogency against those of its
rivals. It was not until the significance of its central doctrine was
tried to the uttermost by the dark tyranny of the Empire, that stoicism
stood erect and alone as the sole representative of all that was good and
great. Still, the fact that its chief professors were men of weight in the
state, lent it a certain authority, and Cicero, among the few definite
doctrines that he accepts, numbers that of stoicism that virtue is
sufficient for happiness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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