The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus AureliusCruttwell, Charles Thomas
Philosophy
The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Cruttwell, Charles Thomas
Latin literature -- History and criticism
This ill-starred poet, whose life is the subject of Bekker's admirable
sketch, was born at Forum Julii (Fréjus) 69 B.C., and is celebrated as the
friend of Virgil's youth. Full of ambition and endowed with talent to
command or conciliate, he speedily rose in Augustus's service, and was the
first to introduce Virgil to his notice. For a time all prospered; he was
appointed the first prefect of Egypt, then recently annexed as a province,
but his haughtiness and success had made him many enemies; he was accused
of treasonable conversation, and interdicted the palace of the emperor. To
avoid further disgrace he committed suicide, in the 43d year of his age
(27 B.C.). His poetry was entirely taken from Alexandria; he translated
Euphorion and wrote four books of love-elegies to Cytheris. Whether she is
the same as the Lycoris mentioned by Virgil, [2] whose faithlessness he
bewails, we cannot tell. No fragments of his remain, [3] but the
passionate nature of the man, and the epithet _durior_ applied to his
verse by Quintilian, makes it probable that he followed the older and more
vigorous style of elegiac writing. [4]
Somewhat junior to him was DOMITIUS MARSUS who followed in the same track.
He was a member of the circle of Maecenas, though, strangely enough, never
mentioned by Horace, and exercised his varied talents in epic poetry, in
which he met with no great success, for Martial says [5]--
"Saepius in libro memoratur Persius uno
Quam levis in toto Marsus Amazonide."
From this we gather that _Amazonis_ was the name of his poem. In erotic
poetry he held a high place, though not of the first rank. His _Fabellae_
and treatise on _Urbanitas_, both probably poetical productions, are
referred to by Quintilian, and Martial mentions him as his own precursor
in treating the short epigram. From another passage of Martial,
"Et Maecenati Maro cum cantaret Alexin
Nota tamen Marsi fusca Melaenis erat," [6]
we infer that he began his career early; for he was certainly younger than
Horace, though probably only by a few years, as he also received
instruction from Orbilius. There is a fine epigram by Marsus lamenting the
death of his two brother-poets and friends:
"Te quoque Virgilio comitem non aequa, Tibulle,
Mors invenem campos misit ad Elysios.
Ne foret aut molles elegis qui fleret amores,
Aut caneret forti regia bella pede."
ALBIUS TIBULLUS, to whom Quintilian adjudges the palm of Latin elegy, was
born probably about the same time as Horace (65 B.C.), though others place
the date of his birth as late as that of Messala (59 B.C.). In the fifth
Elegy of the third book [7] occur the words--
"Natalem nostri primum videre parentes
Cum cecidit fato consul uterque pari."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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