The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus AureliusCruttwell, Charles Thomas
Philosophy
The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Cruttwell, Charles Thomas
Latin literature -- History and criticism
Here is the same "linked sweetness long drawn out" which gives such a
charm to Gray's elegy. In other elegies, particularly those which take the
form of idylls, giving images of rural peace and plenty, [17] we see the
quiet retiring nature that will not be drawn into the glare of Rome.
Tibullus is described as of great personal beauty, and of a candid [18]
and affectionate disposition. Notwithstanding his devotion Delia was
faithless, and the poet sought distraction in surrendering to the charms
of another mistress. Horace speaks of a lady named Glycera in this
connection; it is probable that she is the same as Nemesis; [19] the
custom of erotic poetry being to substitute a Greek name of similar
scansion for the original Latin one; if the original name were Greek the
change was still made, hence Glycera might well stand for Nemesis. The
third book was first seen by Niebuhr to be from another and much inferior
poet. It is devoted to the praises of Neaera, and imitates the manner of
Tibullus with not a little of his sweetness but with much less power. Who
the author was it is impossible to say, but though he had little genius he
was a man of feeling and taste, and the six elegies are a pleasing relic
of this active and yet melancholy time. The fourth book begins with a
short epic on Messala, the work of a poetaster, extending over 200 lines.
It is followed by thirteen most graceful _elegidia_ ascribed to the lovers
Cerinthus and Sulpicia of which one only is by Cerinthus. It is not
certain whether this ascription is genuine, or whether, as the ancient
life of Tibullus in the Parisian codex asserts, the poems were written by
him under the title of _Epistolae amatoriae_. Their finished elegance and
purity of diction are easily reconcilable with the view that they are the
work of Tibullus. They abound in allusions to Virgil's poetry. [20] At the
same time the description of Sulpicia as a poetess [21] seems to point to
her as authoress of the pieces that bear her name, and from one or two
allusions we gather that Messala was paying her attentions that were
distasteful but hard to refuse. [22] The materials for coming to a
decision are so scanty, that it seems best to leave the authorship an open
question.
The rhythm of Tibullus is smooth, easy, and graceful, but tame. He
generally concludes his period at the end of the couplet, and closes the
couplet with a dissyllable; but he does not like Ovid make it an
invariable rule. The diction is severely classical, free from Greek
constructions and antiquated harshness. In elision he stands midway
between Catullus and Ovid, inclining, however, more nearly to the latter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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