The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus AureliusCruttwell, Charles Thomas
Philosophy
The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Cruttwell, Charles Thomas
Latin literature -- History and criticism
_demi-monde_ is probable from this fact; as also from the poet's strong
assertion that he had never been guilty of an intrigue with a married
woman. The class to which she belonged were mostly Greeks or Easterns,
beautiful and accomplished, often poetesses, and mingling with these
seductive qualities the fickleness and greed natural to their position, of
which Ovid somewhat unreasonably complains. To her are dedicated the great
majority of the _Amores_, his earliest extant work. These elegant but
lascivious poems, some of which perhaps were the same which he recited to
large audiences as early as his twenty-second year, were published 13
B.C., and consisted at first of five books, which he afterwards reduced to
three. [37] No sooner were they before the public than they became
universally popular, combining as they do the personal experiences already
made familiar to Roman audiences through Tibullus and Propertius, with a
levity, a dash, a gaiety, and a brilliant polish, far surpassing anything
that his more serious predecessors had attained. During their composition
he was smitten with the desire (perhaps owing to his Asiatic tour) to
write an epic poem on the wars of the gods and giants, but Corinna,
determined to keep his muse for herself, would not allow him to gratify
it. [38]
The _Heroides_ or love-letters from mythological heroines to their
(mostly) faithless spouses, are declared by Ovid to be an original
importation from Greece. [39.] They are erotic _suasoriae_, based on the
declamations of the schools, and are perhaps the best appreciated of all
his compositions. They present the Greek mythology under an entirely new
phase of treatment. Virgil had complained [40] that its resources were
used up, and in Propertius we already see that allusive way of dealing
with it which savours of a general satiety. But in Ovid's hands the old
myths became young again, indeed, younger than ever; and people wonder
they could ever have lost their interest. His method is the reverse of
Virgil's or Livy's. [41] They take pains to make themselves ancient; he,
with wanton effrontery, makes the myths modern. Jupiter, Juno, the whole
circle of Olympus, are transformed into the _hommes et femmes galantes_ of
Augustus's court, and their history into a _chronique scandaleuse_. The
immoral incidents, round which a veil of poetic sanctity had been cast by
the great consecrator time, are here displayed in all their mundane
pruriency. In the _Metamorphoses_ Jupiter is introduced as smitten with
the love of a nymph, Dictynna; some compunctions of conscience seize him,
and the image of Juno's wrath daunts him, but he finally overcomes his
fear with these words--
"Hoc furtum certe coniux mea nesciet (inquit);
Aut si rescierit, sunt O sunt iurgia tanti?"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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