The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus AureliusCruttwell, Charles Thomas
Philosophy
The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Cruttwell, Charles Thomas
Latin literature -- History and criticism
might have thrown much light on ethnological questions. In the fourth
book, Cato expresses his disinclination to repeat the trivial details of
the Pontifical tables, the fluctuations of the market, the eclipses of the
sun and moon, &c. [25] He narrates with enthusiasm the self-devotion of
the tribune Caedicius, who in the first Punic war offered his life with
that of 400 soldiers to engage the enemy's attention while the general was
executing a necessary manoeuvre. [26] "The Laconian Leonides, who did the
same thing at Thermopylae, has been rewarded by all Greece for his virtue
and patriotism with all the emblems of the highest possible distinction--
monuments, statues, epigrams, histories; his deed met with their warmest
gratitude. But little praise has been given to our tribune in comparison
with his merits, though he acted just as the Spartan did, and saved the
fortunes of the State." As to the title _Origines_, it is possible, as
Nepos suggests, that it arose from the first three books having been
published separately. It certainly is not applicable to the entire
treatise, which was a genuine history on the same scale as that of
Thucydides, and no mere piece of antiquarian research. He adhered to truth
in so far as he did not insert fictitious speeches; he conformed to Greek
taste so far as to insert his own. One striking feature in the later hooks
was his omission of names. No Roman worthy is named in them. The reason of
this it is impossible to discover. Fear of giving offence would be the
last motive to weigh with him. Dislike of the great aristocratic houses
into whose hands the supreme power was steadily being concentrated, is a
more probable cause; but it is hardly sufficient of itself. Perhaps the
omission was a mere whim of the historian. Though this work obtained great
and deserved renown, yet, like its author, it was praised rather than
imitated. Livy scarcely ever uses it; and it is likely that, before the
end of the first century A.D. the speeches were published separately, and
were the only part at all generally read. Pliny, Gellius, and Servius, are
the authors who seem most to have studied it; of these Pliny was most
influenced by it. The Natural History, especially in its general
discussions, strongly reminds us of Cato.
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