The History of Tammany Hall: Second EditionMyers, Gustavus
History
The History of Tammany Hall: Second Edition
Myers, Gustavus
New York (N.Y.) -- Politics and government; Tammany Hall (Political organization)
The conspiring contractors were led by Andrew J. Garvey, Ingersoll
& Co. and Keyser & Co. At first, 25 per cent. of the spoils went to
Tweed, 20 to Connolly and 10 to Sweeny. When the rate was subsequently
increased, others were permitted to share in the harvest, and Watson,
the County Auditor; Woodward, the clerk of the Board of Supervisors,
and the recognized go-betweens for the “ring” members, received 2½ per
cent. Five per cent. was reserved for “expenses”--in other words, the
sums necessary to bribe the requisite members of the Legislature. The
division of the spoils was a matter of daily occurrence when Tweed was
in town, and took place in the Supervisors’ room in the County Court
House. After Watson’s warrants had been cashed, Garvey would carry
Tweed’s share of the plunder to the “Boss” at the office of Street
Commissioner George W. McLean. On one such visit Garvey found McLean
present. In trying to hand the parcel secretly to Tweed, it fell on
the floor. Tweed quickly covered it with his foot, and later, with
apparent carelessness, picked it up and threw it into a drawer. The
too-ingenious Garvey was thereafter instructed to “do business” with
Woodward.[13]
Tweed soon reached a position of general control in the State
Legislature. But it cost him hundreds of thousands of dollars. Often he
had to pay for what he wanted quite as heavily as did the corporations
who maintained lobbies there. “It was impossible to do anything there
without paying for it,” were his own words; “money had to be raised
for the passing of bills.”[14] A well-known lobbyist of the time
stated that for a favorable report on a certain bill before the Senate
$5,000 apiece was paid to four members of the committee having it
in charge. On the passage of the bill a further $5,000 apiece, with
contingent expenses, was to be paid. In another instance, when but one
vote was needed to pass a bill, three Republicans put their figures
up to $25,000 each. One of them, it is needless to say, was secured.
A band of about thirty Republicans and Democrats, shortly afterwards
becoming known as the “Black Horse Cavalry,” organized themselves
under the leadership of an energetic lobbyist, with a mutual pledge to
vote as directed.[15] Naturally their action exercised a strong “bull”
influence on the market for votes; and the sums paid by Tweed and other
“promoters” grew to an enormous aggregate.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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