The history of the Bastile, and of its principal captivesDavenport, R. A. (Richard Alfred)
History
The history of the Bastile, and of its principal captives
Davenport, R. A. (Richard Alfred)
Bastille -- History; Political crimes and offenses -- France; Prisons -- France -- History
To enumerate all whom Jansenism led to the Bastile would be a tedious
labour, and no less uninteresting than tedious, as little more than a
dry list of names would be the result. Among the Jansenists who towards
the close of Louis XIV.’s reign were sent to the Bastile, we find Tiron,
a Benedictine, who was prior of Meulan; Germain Veillant, an author;
and Lebrun-Desmarets, a man of much theological erudition. Tiron was
committed “for different writings, on matters of religion and state,
and against the king and the Jesuits.” The coupling together of the
king and the disciples of Loyola, as though they were coequal powers,
is a striking proof of the vast influence which the Society of Jesus
had acquired. Veillant’s offence was his being “a violent Jansenist, in
connexion with Father Quesnel, and having got his works printed, and
managed his affairs at Paris.” He was examined eighty-nine times, and was
probably treated with more than common harshness, for he fell ill on the
day that he was released, and died in the course of a few days.
Lebrun-Desmarets, a native of Rouen, who entered the Bastile in 1707,
two years previous to the destruction of Port-Royal monastery, was of
a family which was strongly attached to that persecuted establishment.
His father, a bookseller of Rouen, was condemned to the galleys, for
having printed books in vindication of it. The son was partly educated
in the convent, and never ceased to regard its inmates with affection
and reverence. In 1707, when they were involved in a harassing lawsuit
by their enemies, Lebrun espoused their cause so ardently that he was
imprisoned. He was held in durance for five years, and was treated
with great severity. After he recovered his liberty, he took up his
abode at Orleans, where he died, in 1731, at the age of eighty. On Palm
Sunday, the day before his death, fearing that a priest would refuse
to administer the sacrament to him, he dragged his enfeebled frame to
the church, that he might not quit the world without the consolation of
having participated in the rites of religion. Lebrun’s principal work is
a “Liturgical Journey in France,” in which he gives an account of the
most remarkable customs and ceremonies of the various churches.
We now revert once more to prisoners whose sins were political. Count
John Albert de Bucquoy, the next individual who comes under our notice,
was of the family of the celebrated Spanish and Imperial general, who
bore the same name and title. He was a native of Champagne, in which
province he was born about 1650. A line in Dryden’s severe description of
Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, will partly characterize Bucquoy; he
“Was every thing by starts, and nothing long.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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