[2] Ingulphus, the secretary of William the Conqueror, one of the number, states that he sallied forth from Normandy with _thirty_ companions, all stout and well-appointed horsemen, and that they returned _twenty_ miserable palmers, with the staff in their hand and the wallet at their back.--_Baronius ad ann. 1064_, No. 43, 56. [3] _Will. Tyr._, lib. i. cap. 10, ed. 1564. [4] Omnibus mundi partibus divites et pauperes, juvenes et virgines, senes cum junioribus, loca sancta visitaturi Hierosolymam pergerent.--Jac. de Vitriaco. _Hist. Hierosol._ cap. lxv. [5] "To kiss the holy monuments," says William of Tyre, "came sacred and chaste widows, forgetful of feminine fear, and the multiplicity of dangers that beset their path."--Lib. xviii. cap. 5. [6] Quidam autem Deo amabiles et devoti milites, charitate ferventes, mundo renuntiantes, et Christi se servitio mancipantes in manu Patriarchæ Hierosolymitani professione et voto solemni sese astrinxerunt, ut a prædictis latronibus, et viris sanguinum, defenderent peregrinos, et stratas publicas custodirent, more canonicorum regularium in _obedientia et castitate et sine proprio_ militaturi summo regi. _Jac. de Vitr. Hist. Hierosol. apud Gesta Dei per Francos_, cap. lxv. p. 1083.--_Will. Tyr._ lib. xii. cap. 7. There were three kinds of poverty. The first and strictest (_altissima_) admitted not of the possession of any description of property whatever. The second (_media_) forbade the possession of individual property, but sanctioned any amount of wealth when shared by a fraternity in common. The lowest was where a separate property in some few things was allowed, such as food and clothing, whilst everything else was shared in common. The second kind of poverty (media) was adopted by the Templars. [7] _Pantaleon_, lib. iii. p. 82. [8] _D'Herbelot Bib. Orient._ p. 270, 687, ed. 1697. William of Tyre, who lived at Jerusalem shortly after the conquest of the city by the Crusaders, tells us that the Caliph Omar required the Patriarch Sophronius to point out to him the site of the temple destroyed by Titus, which being done, the caliph immediately commenced the erection of a fresh temple thereon, "Quo postea infra modicum tempus juxta conceptum mentis suæ feliciter consummato, _quale hodie Hierosolymis esse dinoscitur_, multis et infinites ditavit possessionibus."--_Will. Tyr._ lib. i. cap. 2.