The History of the Manners and Customs of Ancient Greece, Volume 1 (of 3)St. John, James Augustus
History
The History of the Manners and Customs of Ancient Greece, Volume 1 (of 3)
St. John, James Augustus
Greece -- Social life and customs
The Basilinda[495] was a game in which one obtained by lot the rank of
king, and the vanquished, whether one or many, became subject to him,
to do whatever he should order. It passed down to the Christians, and
was more especially practised during the feast of the Epiphany. It is
commonly known under the name of Forfeits, and was formerly called
“One penny,” “One penny come after me,” “Questions and commands,” “The
choosing of king and queen on Twelfth night.” In the last-mentioned
sense it is still prevalent in France, where it is customary for
bakers to make a present to the families they serve, of a large cake
in the form of a ring in which a small kidney bean has been concealed.
The cake is cut up, the pieces are distributed to the company, and the
person who gets the bean is king of the feast. This game entered in
Greece likewise into the amusements of grown people, both men and
women, as well as of children, and an anecdote, connected with it, is
told of Phryne, who happened one day to be at a mixed party where it
was played. By chance it fell to her lot to play the queen; upon
which, observing that her female companions were rouged and lilied to
the eyes, she maliciously ordered a basin and towel to be brought in,
and that every woman should wash her face. Conscious of her own native
beauty, she began the operation, and only appeared the fresher and
more lovely. But alas for the others! When the anchusa, psimmuthion,
and phukos had been removed by the water, their freckled and coarse
skins exposed them to general laughter.[496]
Footnote 495:
Poll. ix. 110.
Footnote 496:
Galen. Protrept. § 10. Kühn. Compare the admirable note of
Hemsterhuis ad Poll. t. vi. p. 1066. seq.
The Ostrakinda was a game purely juvenile. A knot of boys having drawn
a line on the ground, separated into two parties. A small earthenware
disk or ostrakon, one side black with pitch, the other white, was then
produced, and each party chose a side, white or black. The disk was
then pitched along the line, and the party whose side came up was
accounted victorious, and prepared to pursue while the others turned
round and fled. The boy first caught obtained the name of the ass, and
was compelled to sit down, the game apparently proceeding till all
were thus caught and placed hors de combat. He who threw the ostrakon
cried, “night or day,” the black side being termed _night_, and the
opposite _day_. It was called the “Twirling of the ostrakon.” Plato
alludes to it in the Phædros.[497]
Footnote 497:
Poll. ix. 111. seq. Plat. Phæd. t. i. p. 29. seq. Bekk.
The Dielkustinda, “French and English,” was played chiefly in the
palæstra, and occasionally elsewhere. It consisted simply in two
parties of boys laying hold of each other by the hand, and pulling
till one by one the stronger had drawn over the weaker to their side
of the ground.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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