The History of the Manners and Customs of Ancient Greece, Volume 1 (of 3)St. John, James Augustus
History
The History of the Manners and Customs of Ancient Greece, Volume 1 (of 3)
St. John, James Augustus
Greece -- Social life and customs
Another game, not entirely confined to children, was the Chalkismos,
which consisted in twisting round rapidly on a board or table a piece
of money, and placing the point of the finger so dexterously on its
upper edge as to put a stop to its motion without permitting it to
fall. This was a favourite amusement of Phryne the hetaira, as
building houses of cards was of La Belle Stuart.[509] Some of these
sports were peculiar to the female sex,[510] as the Pentalitha, which
is still played by girls in some remote provinces of our island, where
it is called “Dandies.” The whole apparatus of the game consisted in
five astragals—knuckle bones—pebbles, or little balls, which, gathered
up rapidly, were thrown into the air and attempted to be caught in
falling on the back of the hand or between the slightly spread
fingers. If any fell it was allowable to pick them up, provided this
were done with the fingers of the same hand on which the other
astragals rested.[511] The girls of France, according to Bulenger,
still amuse themselves with the Pentalitha, there played with five
little glass balls, which are flung in the air and caught so
dexterously as seldom to fall either on the table or on the ground. I
have never, however, seen it played myself in that country.
Footnote 509:
Poll. ix. 118.
Footnote 510:
The game of astragals, properly so called, was common to both sexes
(Paus. vi. 24. 7), who saw in Elis one of the Graces, represented
with an astragal in her hand, while her two companions held the one
a rose, the other a branch of myrtle, symbolical of their
relationship to Aphrodite. The poets sometimes transfer these sports
of earth to the Olympian halls, where we find Eros and Ganymede
playing with golden astragals—Cf. Apollon. Rhod. iii. 117. seq. Cf.
Odyss. α. 107. Il. χ. 87. seq.
Footnote 511:
Poll. ix. 126.
The Astragalismos,[512] which by the Romans was denominated talorum or
taxillorum ludus, (by Hyde through the Greek πάσσαλος, derived from
the Hebræo-Punic Assila,) by the Arabs Ka’b or Shezn, by the Persians
Shesh-buzhûl bâzi, by the Turks Depshelìm, (played in their country
both by girls and boys,) by the French Garignon or Osselets, in
English “Cockall.”[513] In the game of astragals the Persians, as is
implied in the name given above, often use six bones while the Greeks
employed only four, which were thrown either on a table or on the
floor. According to Lucian,[514] the huckle bones were sometimes those
of the African gazelle.
Footnote 512:
Children, according to Lysander, were to be deceived with astragals,
and men with oaths.—Plut. Lysan. § 8.
Footnote 513:
Hyde, Hist. Talor. § 2. t. ii. p. 314.
Footnote 514:
Amor. § 16. Theoph. Char. c. 5. See Nixon. Acc. of Antiq. at Hercul.
Phil. Trans. vol. 50. pt. i. p. 88. Hyde. Hist. Talor. p. 137.
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